Pravna ureditev delovanja Rdečega križa

diplomsko delo

Vanessa Pavlič (Author), Božo Grafenauer (Mentor)

Abstract

Rdeči križ je prva, ne pa tudi edina humanitarna organizacija. Pobudo za njen nastanek je dal švicarski državljan Henry Dunant, ki je bil priča najbolj krvavi bitki v 19. stoletju v bližini mesteca Solferino v severni Italiji. Takrat se mu je rodila ideja o stalni organizirani pomoči in mednarodni zaščiti ranjenim vojakom. Dobil je zamisel, da bi se ustanovila društva, ki bi v mirnem času usposabljala bolničarje za pomoč ranjenim vojakom. Razpoznavni znak društev, ki nudijo pomoč ranjencem je rdeči križ na beli podlagi — obratno kot na švicarski zastavi. Ta znak so izbrali kot priznanje Švici in nima nobene verske podlage. Rdeči križ je imel tudi velik vpliv na nastanek Ženevskih konvencij leta 1949, saj je pripravil osnutek besedila konvencije, ki so jo vlade sprejele na diplomatski konferenci in je pomenila zaščito civilistov. Tako so nastale Ženevske konvencije 12. avgusta 1949, s katerimi je bila opravljena obsežna kodifikacija mednarodnega humanitarnega prava. Z Ženevskimi konvencijami je priznan rdeči križ kot razpoznavni znak vojaških medicinskih služb in uzakonjen v mednarodnem humanitarnem pravu. Rdeči križ Slovenije je samostojna, humanitarna, prostovoljna zveza združenj, ki deluje na območju Republike Slovenije po načelu enotnosti. Temeljnih načel je sedem in pomenijo univerzalni standard v skladu s katerimi morajo delovati tako Rdeči križ Slovenije, kot območna, krajevna in četrtna združenja. Dejavnosti, ki jih opravlja kot javno pooblastilo so financirane s strani države in občin, medtem ko za tiste, ki jih opravlja kot temeljno poslanstvo pridobiva sredstva iz članarin, prostovoljnih prispevkov, donacij, daril,…idr. Rdeči križ Slovenije je zveza združenj, ki jo sestavlja 56 območnih združenj, le ta pa se delijo na krajevne in četrtne organizacije. Vsak prebivalec Republike Slovenije je lahko član Rdečega križa ne glede na raso, spol, narodnost in je organiziran v območnem združenju. Spori med Rdečim križem Slovenije in območnimi združenji se rešujejo z vzajemnim popuščanjem, če pa spora ni mogoče rešiti ga lahko vsaka stranka predloži v reševanje arbitraži. Rdeči križ Slovenije lahko preneha s sklepom generalne skupščine ali po zakonu.

Keywords

delovanje Rdečega križa;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2011
Source:	Maribor
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	[V. Pavlič]
UDC:	34(043.2)
COBISS:	4180011
Views:	2731
Downloads:	566
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	LEGAL REGULATION OF THE RED CROSS
Secondary abstract:	SUMMARY Red Cross was the first humanitarian organization, however it is not the only one. The initiative for its establishment came from the Swiss citizen named Henry Dunant, who witnessed the bloodiest battle in 19th century nearby Solferino, a small town in Northern Italy. He came to the idea about a constant organised help and international protection for the wounded soldiers. His idea was to establish associations, which would train medics in times of peace, for helping soldiers wounded in battle. The identifying symbol for associations which offer help to the wounded is a red cross on a white basis, contrary to a Swiss flag. This sign was chosen as a recognition of Swiss and carries no religious background. Red Cross had a great influence on a formation of Geneva Conventions in 1949 as it prepared a template for a convention content, which was acknowledged by governments in a diplomatic conference and it meant a protection for civilians. This is how Geneva Conventions were established in August 12th 1949, by which an extensive codification of international humanitarian law was accomplished. Since Geneva Conventions the red cross was recognized as a identifying symbol for military medical services and legitimized by international humanitarian law. Red Cross of Slovenia is an independent, humanitarian, voluntary union of associations, which functions by the principle of unity in the area of Republic of Slovenia. There are seven fundamental principles which represent the universal standard under which the Red Cross of Slovenia, regional, local and district associations must operate. The activities which are carried out as a public authority are financed by the state and municipality, while the ones carried out as a fundamental mission are financed from membership funds, voluntary contributions, donations and gifts, etc. Red Cross of Slovenia is a union of fifty-six regional associations, which are divided into local and district organizations. Each resident of Republic of Slovenia can be a member of the Red Cross, irregardless of one’s race, gender and nationality and is organised in a regional association. Any disputes between the Red Cross of Slovenia and regional associations are being settled by mutual concessions. However, if the dispute cannot be settled, each party may submit it for settlement by arbitration. Red Cross of Slovenia can be terminated only by the General Assembly decision or by law.
Secondary keywords:	KEY WORDS Red Cross;Geneva Conventions;Humanitarian organization;International humanitarian law;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fakulteta
Pages:	87 f.
Keywords (UDC):	social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;
ID:	996833