magistrsko delo
Nejc Jakoš (Avtor), Franci Aco Celar (Recenzent), Katarina Vogel-Mikuš (Mentor), Katarina Vogel-Mikuš (Član komisije za zagovor), Mojca Narat (Član komisije za zagovor), Franci Aco Celar (Član komisije za zagovor)

Povzetek

Fungicidi so snovi, ki se uporabljajo za zatiranje gliv, povzočiteljic bolezni na rastlinah, s tem pa prispevajo k povečanju količine pridelkov. Uporaba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (FFS) ima tudi slabo stran, saj so številni fungicidi strupeni za ljudi in okolje, zato je v zadnjem času velik poudarek na iskanju naravnih učinkovin za zatiranje bolezni na rastlinah. S tem namenom smo preverjali morebitne fungicidne lastnosti konopljinih ekstraktov. Slednje smo pripravili s tremi različnimi topili in jih razmazali na gojišča, na katera smo nato nacepili potencialno fitopatogene glive (Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis sp., Verticillium nonalfalfae). Spremljali smo rast micelija gliv, analizirali konopljine ekstrakte in nato analizirali glivni micelij z metodo lipidne peroksidacije in FTIR metodo. Ugotovili smo, da etanolni in oljni ekstrakti vsebujejo največ kanabinoidov, prevladujeta kanabidiolna kislina in kanabidiol, medtem ko v vodnih ekstraktih kanabinoidov skorajda nismo zaznali. Etanolni ekstrakti so najbolj zavirali rast gliv, največjo inhibicijo rasti smo izmerili na ekstraktu iz vršičkov pri glivi Botrytis sp., kjer je ta znašala kar 70 %. Pri vseh treh glivah, ki so rastle na etanolnih ekstraktih, smo ugotovili, da koncentracija kanabidiola negativno korelira s površino rasti gliv. Metoda lipidne peroksidacije se ni izkazala kot primerna za merjenje stresnega odziva gliv na kanabinoide. Smo pa s FTIR metodo potrdili, da konopljini ekstrakti vplivajo na biomolekularni profil gliv, saj so bile ob manjši rasti nekatere molekule bolj, druge pa manj izražene. Z diskriminantno analizo površin rasti gliv in FTIR spektrov pa smo ugotovili, da so razlike med rastjo gliv na različnih koncentracijah listov in vršičkov statistično značilne. Na podlagi vseh rezultatov lahko zaključimo, da imajo konopljini etanolni ekstrakti potencial, da bi se jih lahko uporabljalo kot naravno sredstvo za kontrolo glivnih bolezni na rastlinah.

Ključne besede

biotehnologija;fungicidi;rastline;konoplja;kanabinoidi;ekstrakti;inhibicija;glive;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
Založnik: [N. Jakoš]
UDK: 606:632.952:547.9:633.888(043.2)
COBISS: 8909433 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1143
Št. prenosov: 131
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: ǂThe ǂeffect of hemp extracts on the growth of selected plant pathogenic fungi
Sekundarni povzetek: Fungicides are substances used for controlling growth of pathogenic fungi, which are the major cause for crop lost. With increased use of pesticides in the global food production, there is a major side effect, as many fungicides are harmful for health and environment. In the recent years a great attempt was made to find natural products for controlling plant diseases. Our research focused on the study of potential fungicidal properties of hemp extracts. We have prepared hemp extracts with three different solvents and plated them on the media on which we inoculated potentially phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis sp., Verticillium nonalfalfae). We measured the growth of fungi, analyzed hemp extracts and analyzed the fungal mycelium with the lipid peroxidation method and the FTIR method. The highest concentration of cannabinoids was found in ethanolic and oil extracts, the most concentrated were cannabidiolic acid and cannabidiol, while in aqueous extracts we detected only one cannabinoid. Ethanol extracts inhibited fungal growth the most, and the highest growth inhibition was measured in fungi Botrytis sp., where the inhibition was above 70% on the bud extracts. All three fungi grown on ethanolic extracts revealed, that the concentration of cannabidiol correlated negatively with the surface of the fungus growth. The lipid peroxidation method did not prove to be suitable for measuring the fungal stress response to the cannabinoids. However, with the FTIR method, we confirmed that hemp extracts influence the biomolecular profile of fungi, as some molecules were up- and others down-expressed. With the discriminant analysis of fungal growth surface and FTIR spectra we found significant differences between fungi treatments. Based on our results, we can conclude that hemp ethanol extracts have good potential to be used as a natural agent for the controlling fungal diseases on plants.
Sekundarne ključne besede: biotechnology;fungicides;plants;hemp;cannabinoids;extracts;inhibition;fungi;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): 2020-01-18
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Strani: XV, 89 f., [6] f. pril.
ID: 10915432