Sinteza poroznih kopolimernih polielektrolitov na osnovi 2-akrilamido-2-metilpropansulfonske kisline

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Eva Marinček (Avtor), Sebastijan Kovačič (Mentor)

Povzetek

PoliHIPE polimeri so visoko porozne polimerne pene, sintetizirane iz emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze (HIPE, ang. High internal phase emulsions). To so emulzije, v katerih notranja faza predstavlja več kot 74% volumna celotne emulzije. V kolikor pri polimerizaciji HIPE uporabimo monomere s funkcionalnimi skupinami z nabojem, dobimo visoko porozne polielektrolite katerih stene por so ionsko nabite. Visoko porozni poliHIPE polielektroliti imajo zaradi porozne strukture in polielektrolitske narave polimera sposobnost visoke absorpcije vode, poleg tega pa so sposobni nase adsorbirati ionsko nasprotno nabite vodne polutante in jih v svoji strukturi tudi zadržati. Porozni polielektroliti tako predstavljajo velik potencial pri razvoju novih materialov, še posebej za čiščenje odpadnih voda. V diplomskem delu smo preko O/V HIP emulzij sintetizirali visoko porozne, zamrežene polielektrolite na osnovi 2-akrilamido-2-metilpropansulfonske kisline (AMPS) in (3-akrilamidopropil) trimetilamonijevega klorida (AMPTMA), pri čemer smo osnovnima monomeroma dodali akrilno kislino (AAc) oziroma akril amid (AAm). S polimerizacijo v raztopini smo sintetizirali neporozne polielektrolite z enakimi razmerji monomerov, njihove lastnosti pa smo kasneje primerjali s poroznimi. Po končani sintezi smo porozne polielektrolite okarakterizirali ter analizirali z infrardečo spektroskopijo (FTIR) in vrstično elektronsko mikroskopijo (SEM), s čimer smo potrdili kemijsko sestavo vzorcev in tipično morfologijo poliHIPE polimerov. Izvedli smo test absorpcije pri različnih pH vrednostih, kjer smo ugotovili, da poliHIPE polielektroliti absorbirajo večjo količino tekočine kot neporozni. Potrdili smo, da s spremembo pH vrednosti raztopine ter s kombinacijo različnih monomerov lahko vplivamo na absorpcijsko kapaciteto poliHIPE polielektrolita. Najvišje absorpcije smo dosegli v deionizirani vodi, kot najboljši absorbent pa se je izkazal poliHIPE polielektrolit na osnovi AMPS, ki je absorbiral več kot 40g/g vode glede na suho maso.

Ključne besede

polielektroliti;templatiranje emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze;absorpcija;kopolimeri;hidrogeli;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2018
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Založnik:	[E. Marinček]
UDK:	544.6.018.47-036.5(043.2)
COBISS:	21942550
Št. ogledov:	808
Št. prenosov:	91
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Synthesis of porous polyelectrolyte copolymers based on 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid
Sekundarni povzetek:	PolyHIPEs are highly porous emulsion-templated polymers synthesized within the high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). HIPE is an emulsion in which the internal (droplet) phase constitute more than 74% of the emulsion volume and is dispersed within the continuous (minor) phase that contains monomers. If monomers with ionically charged functional groups are used, we can easily prepare highly porous polyelectrolytes the so-called polyelectrolyte polyHIPEs, in which the voids' walls become electrically charged. Due to highly porous morphology and polyelectrolyte nature of polymers constituting the voids' walls, polyelectrolytes polyHIPE exhibit high water absorption and water contaminat adsorption. Because of their properties, polyelectrolyte polyHIPE represent great research potential in the development of new materials for wastewater treatment. In the thesis, highly porous, cross-linked polyelectrolytes polyHIPEs based on 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (AMPTMA) were synthesised through templating within the high internal phase emulsions, wherein acrylic acid (AAc) or acrylamide (AAm) were added in order to introduce the so-called zwitter-ionic character of the final material. Non-porous counterparts were synthesised via the solution polymerisation using the same ratio of monomers and their properties were compared with polyelectrolytes polyHIPEs. Characterization of as-obtained polyelectrolyte polyHIPEs cover infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electrone microscopy (SEM) wherein the chemical composition and typical polyHIPE morphology were confirmed. The absorption test was perfromed at different pH values. Absorption studies confirmed higher uptakes for polyelectrolyte polyHIPEs versus nonporous ones. We further confirmed, that changing the pH of the solution in combination with different monomers affect absorption propereties of polyelectrolytes. The highest absorption was achieved in deionized water and polyelectrolyte polyHIPE based on AMPS proved to be the best absorbent with absorption capacity of more than 40g/g of its dry weigt.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	polyelectrolytes;high internal phase emulsion templating;absorption;copolymers;hydrogels;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Strani:	IX, 28 str.
ID:	10955370