diplomsko delo
Tea Ivančič (Avtor), Franci Štampar (Mentor)

Povzetek

Oljka (Olea europaea L.) je najpomembnejša sadna vrsta na območju Slovenske Istre, kjer ima oljkarstvo dolgoletno tradicijo. Ponovno se je intenzivno pridelovanje oljk začelo po letu 1991, ko se je začelo obdobje obnavljanja starih nasadov. Danes je oljka druga pomembnejša sadna vrsta v Sloveniji, saj obsega 1242 ha, od katerega se 242,55 ha prideluje na ekološki način. V oljčnih nasadih nam največjo skrb povzročajo bolezni in škodljivci, med slednjimi je najpomembnejša oljčna muha (Bactrocera oleae [Gmelin]). Ta lahko ob ugodnoh vremenskih razmerah in v kolikor je ne zatiramo povzroči celo 90% izpad pridelka. Pri integriranem in ekološkem načinu pridelovanja oljk zastopanost oljčne muhe spremljamo z rumenimi lepljivimi ploščami in feromonskimi vabami. Ko se na vabo ulovijo tri muhe na teden oziroma, ko opazimo 5% plodov s fertilnim vbodom, lahko pri integriranem načinu pridelovanja uporabimo registriran insekticid v predpisanem odmerku in s tem uspešno zatremo oljčno muho. Pri ekološkem načinu pridelovanja oljk poznamo samo dva registrirana insekticida, ki ju moramo uporabiti, ko škodljivec doseže določen stadij, v nasprotnem primeru ne učinkujeta. V Italiji in drugod po svetu so poskusili številčnost oljčne muhe omejiti s parazitsko osico, vendar je njeno dejansko učinkovitost v naravnem okolju zelo težko oceniti. Raziskave v prihodnjih letih bodo omogočile še večje možnosti in kvalitetnejšo pridelavo oljk na ekološki način.

Ključne besede

oljka;ekološka pridelava;integrirana pridelava;oljčna muha;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
Založnik: [T. Ivančič]
UDK: 634.63:631.147:632.937(043.2)
COBISS: 9037177 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1057
Št. prenosov: 245
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: ǂThe ǂpossibilities of integrated and organic olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivation - on the example of the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae [Gmelin]) in the Slovenian Istria
Sekundarni povzetek: The olive tree (Olea europea L.) is the most important fruit species of the Slovenian Istria where the olive tree cultivation has a long lasting tradition. The intensive olive tree cultivation in Slovenia has been reborn after 1991 when the old olive plantations have been renewed. Today the olive tree is the second most important fruit species in Slovenia as it covers 1242 ha, 242,55 ha of which are cultivated in the organic way. The biggest concern to the olive tree plantators are the diseases and pests, the most important one being the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae [Gmelin]). The latter can cause up to 90 % of reduction in the yield of olives when the weather conditions are appropriate and when there is no defence against it. When using the integrated and organic farming methods the numbers of the olive fruit fly are measured with yellow board fly catchers and phermone traps. When at least three flies are caught or when at least 5% of the fruit has been attacked by flies on the integrated olive tree plantations only the registered inseciticide may be used against them in the prescripted manner and therefore additional losses can be prevented. The regulations on organic olive tree cultivation allow the usage of only two prescripted insecticides which are to be applied when the above-mentioned pest reaches a certain state, if not the insecticides are without effect. In Italy and some other countries around the world they have tried to limit the olive fruit fly with a parasitic wasp but the effects in the natural habitat are very hard to estimate. Research in the coming years will enable even more opportunities and better quality olive tree cultivation in an organic way.
Sekundarne ključne besede: olive;organic farming;integrated farming;olive fruit fly;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Strani: VI, 20 str.
ID: 10959354