Razvoj in uporaba inštrumentov policijskega sodelovanja v Evropski uniji

magistrsko delo

Robert Furman (Avtor), Gorazd Meško (Mentor)

Povzetek

Razvoj policijskega sodelovanja v Evropski uniji (EU) temelji na primarnem zakonodajnem okviru, ki določa, da spada to področje pod deljeno pristojnost Evropske unije in države članice. Z deljeno pristojnostjo na področju politike, imenovane območje svobode, varnosti in pravice je Evropski uniji tako dovoljeno le toliko, kolikor lažje, bolj učinkovito in bolje se ukrepi izvedejo na ravni Unije, kot pa da se razvoj prepusti izključno posameznim državam članicam. Takšen razvoj ima svoje prednosti in slabosti. Omogoča kolikor toliko harmoniziran razvoj policijskega sodelovanja na celotnem območju EU, lahko pa omejuje samoiniciativnost držav članic, ki najbolje vedo, kje so njihovi ključni varnostni izzivi. Eden izmen inštrumentov čezmejnega policijskega sodelovanja je Sklep Sveta 2008/615/PNZ, poznan tudi kot Prümski sklep. Uporabnost in izvajanje enega izmed možnih ukrepov, to je skupno operacijo, kot jo določa 17. člen Prümskega sklepa, je Republika Slovenija zaradi varnostne situacije v 2015 in 2016 uporabila v praksi tudi sama. Tako imenovana migrantska kriza je od varnostnih organov v državi zahtevala številčno veliko resursov in tudi pomoč iz več držav Evropske unije, ki je bila v tistem času zelo dobrodošla, hkrati pa je prispevala k razvoju skupne varnostne kulture in razmišljanju o potencialih razvoja Evropske policijske postaje. Novo izvoljeni vodje EU bodo morali hitro po volitvah v Evropski parlament maja 2019 ljudem ponuditi ukrepe, ki bodo zavarovali zaupanje v varnost in sodelovanje v Uniji. Inštrumenti in ukrepi čezmejnega sodelovanja, ki gradijo zaupanje, lahko pripomorejo k temu. V nalogi smo preverili in potrdili, da zakonodajni akt EU s področja zagotavljanja javne varnosti, ki je bil v obdobju migrantske krize v Republiki Sloveniji dejansko uporabljen, lahko nudi učinkovito pravno podlago za skupno sodelovanje policij in s tem utrjuje ustreznost zakonodajnih ukrepov EU ter delovanja EU. Z ramo ob rami so slovenski policisti in policisti iz različnih držav EU izvajali skupne naloge za zagotavljanje javne varnosti na območjih Slovenije, kjer so to razmere najbolj zahtevale. Mnenje teh policistov je, da so takšna oblike skupnega dela pomembna za krepitev mednarodnega policijskega sodelovanja. To smo v nalogi tudi ustrezno empirično dokazali. Nadaljnji razvoj teh skupnih oblik dela na nivoju EU bi, po naših ugotovitvah, lahko pomembno prispeval k varnosti državljanov EU in tudi širše.

Ključne besede

policija;policijsko delo;čezmejno policijsko sodelovanje;skupne operacije;Prümski sklepi;migrantska kriza;magistrska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2019
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[R. Furman]
UDK:	351.741(043.2)
COBISS:	3698666
Št. ogledov:	917
Št. prenosov:	84
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Development and Use of Police Cooperation Instruments in the European Union
Sekundarni povzetek:	The founding Treaties of the European Union form the framework of the area of police cooperation and its development within the EU. Further, they define that the policy of justice, freedom and security to be governed by the principle of conferral, meaning that in the area of police cooperation, the EU shall act only within the limits of the competences conferred to it by the Member States. Respectively the EU may act only if and insofar the proposed action’s objectives cannot be sufficiently achieved solely by the Member States and consequently might be achieved more efficiently at EU level. This legal approach comes with advantages and disadvantages. On one hand it ensures a harmonized development, but also minimum common standards in the area of police cooperation at EU level, on the other hand it hampers Member States initiatives, who are aware of current key security challenges and know how to handle them. Among the EU cross-border police cooperation instruments the Council Decision 2008/615/JHA also known as the Prüm Decision needs to be highlighted. In 2015/16 pressure to the common EU security situation caused by mass migratory influx resulted in crisis. Consequently, in the Republic of Slovenia available cross-border police cooperation instruments were used immediately and on the spot. In cooperation with EU Member States, a joint operation in accordance with article 17 of the Prüm Decision was implemented and examined in detail. Ensuring security during this crisis was a challenge for the countries involved and several EU Member States offered support in human resources by deploying police officers. Joining forces also eventually contributed to the development of a common security culture, leading to the idea and speculation on potential benefits of a European police station concept. Incoming EU leaders will shortly after the May 2019 European parliament elections be obliged to propose actions that reinsure citizens trust in EU and in respective cooperation with instruments that build and secure trust for deepening of EU cooperation in all areas. The following pages are contributing to the quest for answers on how to in practice use measures based on a specific legal act of the European Union. Furthermore, these pages will offer insights that prove the instrument’s effectiveness, since joint cross border measure was used on the spot during the migratory pressure in Slovenia. Shoulder to shoulder Slovene police officers worked together with police officers and other services from other EU countries to ensure public security in areas where mostly needed. Opinion of those police officers was that that kind of joint work fosters international police cooperation and the following pages will underpin those opinions by an empiric approach. Further development of these joint measures under the umbrella of the EU would contribute to the security of EU citizens and beyond.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Cross-border Police Cooperation;European Union;Joint operation;Prüm Decision;Crisis caused by Mass Migration;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	X, 79 str., [3] str. pril.
ID:	11142462