magistrsko delo
Nina Dobrovič (Avtor), Erna Žgur (Mentor)

Povzetek

Žival in človek sta povezana že od prazgodovine. Med njima se vzpostavljajo najrazličnejši odnosi, na katere vpliva tudi to, kakšno vlogo ima za človeka žival. Ta je lahko med drugim tudi terapevtska, ki se vedno bolj uveljavlja v vzgojno-izobraževalni, socialni in medicinski stroki. Terapije in aktivnosti s pomočjo živali so namenjene izboljšanju stanja človekovega izbranega področja oz. splošne življenjske kakovosti. V tovrstnih dejavnostih strokovnjaki sodelujejo z različnimi živalmi, pogosto pa so za to vlogo usposobljeni psi. Njihova vključenost kaže na vsesplošne prijetne učinke na človeka, med drugim tudi na razpoloženje in kognitivne procese, ki se vzpostavljajo pri šolskem delu. Magistrsko delo je osredotočeno na raziskovanje vpliva psa na motivacijo za šolsko delo pri predmetu splošne poučenosti pri otroku z zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju. V teoretičnem delu je opredeljena skupina oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju, predstavljeno je izobraževanje v povezavi s predmetom splošna poučenost ter osnovni pojmi, ki se pojavljajo na področjih motivacije in pozornosti, ki sta bili ključni del opazovanj empiričnega dela. Na kratko je opisana zgodovina odnosa človeka z živaljo ter zgodovina terapevtske vloge živali, podrobneje pa so predstavljene ugotovitve dotedanjih raziskav aktivnosti in terapij s pomočjo psa, tudi v populaciji oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju. Raziskava temelji na vprašanju, ali je psa smiselno vključiti v učne dejavnosti splošne poučenosti za povečanje posameznikove motivacije in zmanjšanje odkrenljivosti v pozornosti. S tem namenom je bilo opravljenih 20 opazovanj učenca med poukom splošne poučenosti. Od tega je bilo 10 opazovanj izvedenih, ko je učiteljica sodelovala z vodnico in terapevtsko psico iz društva Tačke pomagačke. Par je bil aktivno vključen v učne dejavnosti z vnaprej določenimi cilji. Učenčevo delovanje je bilo spremljano s kontrolnimi listami vedenja. Dobljeni rezultati so bili kvalitativno in statistično obdelani, podatki pa so predstavljeni opisno in v obliki tabel. Rezultati kažejo razlike v motivaciji in pozornosti pri učnih urah z odsotnostjo in prisotnostjo psa. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je bila motivacija povprečno večja in pozornost redkeje odkrenljiva, ko je bil v učne dejavnosti vključen pes. Med drugim je bilo opaženo, da je bilo pri otroku prisotnih več prijetnih čustev. Rezultati kažejo na smiselnost vključevanja psa v pouk splošne poučenosti za povečanje motivacije ter zmanjšanje odkrenljivosti pozornosti pri otroku z motnjo v duševnem razvoju, obenem pa spodbujajo k nadaljnjemu raziskovanju področja, predvsem na večjem vzorcu in skozi daljše časovno obdobje.

Ključne besede

posebni program vzgoje in izobraževanja;splošna poučenost;motivacija;terapija s pomočjo psa;učenci z motnjami v duševnem razvoju;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik: [N. Dobrovič]
UDK: 376-056.34(043.2)
COBISS: 12842825 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 358
Št. prenosov: 62
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Influence of a dog's presence on general education motivation in a special education programme
Sekundarni povzetek: Animals and humans have had a special bond since prehistoric times. They form various relationships, which are also influenced by the role that an animal has for humans. This role may be, among others, therapeutic, which is increasingly being established in the educational, social and medical fields. Animal therapy and activities are designed to improve the condition of a person's specific area or overall quality of life. In this type of activities, experts work with a variety of animals, and dogs are often trained to be in this role. Their involvement shows overall pleasant effects on humans, including mood and cognitive processes that are occuring when doing school work. The master's thesis focuses on exploring the influence of a dog's presence on the motivation for school work in general education in special education programme. The theoretical part presents features of people with intellectual disabilities, their education, school subject general education and basic concepts from the field of motivation and attention, which were a key part of observations of the empirical part. The history of the human-animal relationship and the history of the therapeutic role of animals are briefly described. The findings of previous studies of dog-assisted activities and therapies in different populations are presented in more detail. The research is based on whether it is reasonable for a therapeutic dog to be involved in general education's learning activities to increase the individual's motivation and decrease their problems with mantaining focal attention. For this purpose 20 observations of one pupil with moderate intellectual disability were made during general education lessons. Of these, 10 observations were made when the teacher collaborated with the therapy dog and its guide from the Slovenian Society for Dog Assisted Therapy called Tačke pomagačke. The therapeutic couple was actively involved in learning activities with predefined goals. The pupil's performance was monitored through behavior checklists. The obtained results were qualitatively and statistically processed, which is presented in descriptive and tabular form. The results show differences in motivation and attention in the lessons with absence and presence of the dog. It was found that on average the motivation was greater and the attention less frequently poor mantained when the therapeutic dog was involved in the learning activities. It was also noted that several pleasant emotions were present when the dog was in the classroom. The results show that involving a therapeutic dog in school lessons to increase motivation and reduce poor maintenance of attention of a child with intellecttual disability is effective. The results also encourage further exploration of the field, especially on a larger sample and over a longer period of time.
Sekundarne ključne besede: special education;pouk po prilagojenem programu;
Vrsta datoteke: application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Specialna in rehabilitacijska pedagogika, Posebne razvojne in učne težave
Strani: 89 str.
ID: 11578406