diplomsko delo
Petra Zore (Avtor), Miroljub Jakovljević (Recenzent), Alan Kacin (Mentor), Tina Grapar Žargi (Komentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Debelost je definirana kot presežek maščobne mase v telesu. Ta je rezultat genetskih in vedenjskih dejavnikov, ki povzročijo kronično pozitivno energijsko bilanco. Poleg genetskih vzrokov na nastanek debelosti vpliva še spol, etnična pripadnost, neprimerne prehrambne navade, več sedečega načina življenja in zmanjšanje količine telesne vadbe. Debelost vpliva na nastanek kardiovaskularni bolezni, sladkorne bolezni, mišičnoskeletnih motenj, kot je na primer osteoartritis, in na pojavnost raka. Ker prizadene približno 39% odraslih in 18% otrok in mladostnikov po celem svetu, je debelost postala pomemben javnozdravstveni problem. Pri otrocih in mladostnikih, ki so debeli, je tveganje za debelost v odrasli dobi večje, kar lahko privede do razvoja različnih kroničnih bolezni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregledane literature ugotoviti, kakšni so učinki aerobne vadbe na indeks telesne mase, delež maščobne mase, obseg bokov in pasu ter aerobno zmogljivost pri otrocih in mladostnikih s prekomerno telesno težo in debelostjo. Metode dela: Literatura je bila iskala v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Članki so bili iskani s ključnimi besedami: childhood obesity, exercise, aerobic exercise in physical therapy. V diplomsko delo smo vključili sedem randomiziranih kontorliranih poskusov v angleškem jeziku, ki so ustrezali vključitvenim kriterijem. Rezultati: V pregledanih raziskavah so avtorji dokazali, da aerobna vadba pri otrocih in mladostnikih z debelostjo in prekomerno telesno težo statistično pomembno (p<0,05) vpliva na zmanjšanje ITM, deleža maščobne mase v telesu, obsega pasu in na izboljšanje aerobne zmogljivosti. Razprava in zaključek: V prihodnosti bi bilo potrebno izvesti raziskave, ki bi vadbo bolj strukturirano stopnjevale, da bi dosegli količino vadbe, navedeno v smernicah. Poleg tega bi v prihodnjih raziskavah bilo potrebno bolje nadzorovati in s tem ugotoviti, kakšen vpliv ima prehrana sama ali v kombinaciji z vadbo na debelost. Kljub temu da so raziskave imele nekaj omejitev, pa so rezultati pokazali, da aerobna vadba pozitivno vpliva na telesno sestavo, aerobno zmogljivost in na nekatere dejavnike tveganja za kardiovaskularne bolezni.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;fizioterapija;debelost;prekomerna telesna teža;otroci;mladostniki;aerobna vadba;telesna dejavnost;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik: [P. Zore]
UDK: 615.8
COBISS: 19564803 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 768
Št. prenosov: 276
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Effects of aerobic exercise on children and adolescents with overweight and obesity - literature review
Sekundarni povzetek: Introduction: Obesity is defined as the excess of adipose tissue in the body, which is the result of genetic and behavioural factors, which cause chronic positive energy balance. In addition to genetic factors, there are also other factors that influence on the emergence of obesity, such as gender, ethnicity, inappropriate energy intake, and increase in sedentary lifestyle and decrease in physical activity. Obesity effects on the emergence of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and musculoskeletal abnormalities, such as osteoarthritis. The prevalence of obesity and overweight among adults is 39% and 18% among children and adolescents. In the past few years, obesity has become a major public health problem. Children and adolescents with obesity have a higher chance to be obese in adulthood, which can lead to different chronic diseases. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on body mass index, body fat percentage, waist and hips circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Methods: Literature was gathered in the database Pubmed. Articles were searched with the following keywords: childhood obesity, exercise, aerobic exercise and physical therapy. We included seven randomized controlled trials in English, which corresponded the inclusion criteria. Results: The examined researches have shown that aerobic exercise can statistically significant (p<0.05) improve body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Discussion and conclusion: Further researches should have a better control over energy intake, a more structured progress to achieve the amount of exercise that is recommended. Despite the few limitations that the researches had, the results have shown that aerobic exercise has a positive impact on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors.
Sekundarne ključne besede: diploma theses;physiotherapy;obesity;overweight;children;adolescents;aerobic exercise;physical activity;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za fizioterapijo
Strani: 29 str., [2] str. pril.
ID: 11828940