magistrsko delo
Povzetek
V času mladostništva pride pod vplivom dinamičnih hormonskih sprememb do pospešene telesne rasti, razvoja in spolnega dozorevanja. Posledično morajo mladostniki v tem obdobju poskrbeti za uravnoteženo in pestro prehrano z zadostnim vnosom energije in vseh makrohranil v pravilnem razmerju. Namen naše raziskovalne naloge je bil v populaciji zdravih mladostnikov ugotoviti primernost vnosa energije in posameznih makrohranil glede na nacionalna priporočila (Referenčne vrednosti…, 2016) ter preučiti morebitne razlike v vnosu energije in makrohranil med različno telesno dejavnimi mladostniki. Na reprezentativnem vzorcu dijakov prvih letnikov (povprečna starost 15,3 (± 0,5) let; N = 341), ki so bili v letih 2013/14 vključeni v raziskavo ARTOS (Analiza razvojnih trendov otrok v Sloveniji), smo pridobili podatke o njihovem vnosu energije in makrohranil (24-urni priklic jedilnika preteklega dne), telesni dejavnosti (vprašalnik SHAPES) in antropometričnih lastnostih (telesna masa in višina). Rezultati so pokazali, da 75,1 % mladostnikov dosega nacionalna priporočila za vnos ogljikovih hidratov, 74,5 % za vnos beljakovin, 44,0 % za vnos maščob, a le 10,4 % jih je doseglo priporočila za vnos energije. Ugotovili smo tudi, da je vnos energije in makrohranil značilno višji pri telesno zelo dejavnih fantih v primerjavi s telesno manj in srednje dejavnimi fanti. Med različno telesno dejavnimi dekleti razlik v vnosu ni bilo. Mladostnike moramo spodbujati, da zadostijo svojim energijskim potrebam glede na spol in njihovo telesno dejavnost ter posegajo po bolj kvalitetnih živilih v ustreznem makrohranilnem razmerju.
Ključne besede
prehrana;mladostniki;telesna dejavnost;energijske potrebe;energijska vrednost;dnevni vnos hranil;makrohranila;beljakovine;maščobe;ogljikovi hidrati;prehranska priporočila;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[E. Čerček Vilhar] |
UDK: |
613.2-053.6:641.1:577.112/.115 |
COBISS: |
33019395
|
Št. ogledov: |
562 |
Št. prenosov: |
153 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Adequacy of energy intake and intake of macronutrients in differently active adolescents |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
During adolescence, the influence of dynamic hormonal changes causes a boost in physical growth, development and sexual maturation. Because of that, we need to ensure a balanced and varied diet during this period, with adequate intake of energy and all the macronutrients in the right proportions. The aim of our research was to determine the adequacy of energy and macronutrient intake in a population of healthy adolescents according to national recommendations (Reference values…, 2016). We also examined the possible differences in energy and macronutrient intake among differently active adolescents. On the representative sample of first-year secondary school students (average age 15,3 (± 0,5) years; N = 341), who were included in the ARTOS (Child Development Trends in Slovenia) survey in 2013/14, we obtained data on their energy and macronutrient intake (24-hour dietary recall), physical activity (SHAPES questionnaire) and anthropometric characteristics (body mass and height). The results indicate that 75,1 % of adolescents met the national recommendations for carbohydrates, 74,5 % for proteins and 44,0 % for fats, while only 10,4 % of adolescents met the recommendations for energy intake. In addition, energy and macronutrient intake was significantly higher in very active boys compared to barely or moderately active boys. There were no differences in intake between girls with different activity levels. Adolescents need to be encouraged to meet their energy needs according to gender and physical activity and to reach for higher quality food in appropriate macronutrient proportion. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
nutrition;adolescents;physical activity;energy needs;energy value;daily nutrient intake;macronutrients;proteins;fats;carbohydrates;dietary recommendations; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo |
Strani: |
XI, 65 f., [1] f. pril. |
ID: |
12033050 |