Medvrstniško nasilje v osnovnih šolah

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Anja Necin (Avtor), Aleš Bučar-Ručman (Mentor)

Povzetek

Od nekdaj je bilo v šolskem okolju prisotno medvrstniško nasilje, vendar je v današnjih časih vse bolj in bolj razširjeno ter se pojavlja v različnih oblikah in s tem postaja vse večja in kompleksnejša težava. Družba se spreminja in s tem tudi okolje, v katerem otroci odraščajo. Otroci so vse bolj pod pritiskom iz vseh strani, saj si želijo biti sprejeti med vrstniki, ampak na žalost se v vsaki generaciji pojavljajo žrtve medvrstniškega nasilja. S spremembo družbe in tehnologije se tako trpinčenje širi in postaja vse bolj potuhnjeno ter zahrbtno. Posledično starši in učitelji težje sami prepoznajo in odreagirajo pravočasno. Žrtve v redkih primerih poročajo o nasilju, ki se izvaja nad njimi, kar posledično opogumi nasilneže, da nadaljujejo z izvajanjem le-tega v različnih oblikah in dimenzijah. Diplomsko delo temelji na predstavi medvrstniškega nasilja, prepoznavi pojavnih oblik (fizično, psihično, spletno itd.), vlog posameznikov (žrtev, nasilnež, opazovalec), posledic za udeležence ter vlog zaposlenih v izobraževalnih ustanovah in okolici pri preprečevanju nasilja. V teoretičnem delu sem podrobno opisala, s katerimi pojavnimi oblikami vrstniškega nasilja se srečujemo v osnovnih šolah ter kako jih lažje prepoznati. Poleg klasičnih oblik sem dodala še posebne, kot so spolno, spletno, rasno, homofobno in nasilje nad učenci s posebnimi potrebami. Tem vrstam nasilja je namreč potrebno posvetiti enako pozornost kot ostalim, ki se večinoma dogajajo nam »pred očmi«. Sledi razčlenitev na vloge posameznih učencev ter kako vpliva njihova vloga na njihov nadaljnji razvoj in udejanjanje v šolskih aktivnostih. Zdi se mi pomembno, da učitelji in starši prepoznajo znake ob spremembi otrokovega vedenja, saj tako lahko že preventivno reagirajo in preprečijo morebitne nadaljnje posledice. Kot zadnji del teorije predstavim, kolikšno in kakšno vlogo imajo zaposleni v izobraževalnem sistemu, starši, mediji ter okolica na vedenje učencev in njihovo odzivanje ob pojavu nasilja. Poudarila sem pomen šole in vseh zaposlenih v šolskem sistemu, saj otroci večji del dneva preživijo v okolju, ki mora biti za njih prijazno. V raziskovalnem delu sem uporabila osem novejših raziskav (od leta 2010 do 2019). Njihov namen je, da na dejanskih odgovorih prikažem, kako velik problem sodobne družbe je medvrstniško nasilje in da je potrebno posvečati več pozornosti preventivi in krepitvi dobrih odnosov med neločljivo povezavo zaposlenih v šoli, staršev in učencev.

Ključne besede

diplomske naloge;medvrstniško nasilje;šola;žrtev nasilja;nasilnež;opazovalec;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2020
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[A. Necin]
UDK:	343.62(043.2)
COBISS:	30196995
Št. ogledov:	575
Št. prenosov:	111
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Bullying in primary schools
Sekundarni povzetek:	Peer violence has always been present in the school environment. Nowadays, however, it is more and more widespread and appears in different forms, thus becoming a bigger and more complex problem. Society is changing and so is the environment in which children grow up. Children are increasingly under pressure from all sides as they want to be accepted among peers. Unfortunately, victims of peer violence appear in every generation. With the change in society and technology, such torture is spreading and becoming more and more secretive and insidious. As a result, parents and teachers find it more difficult to identify and react on time. Victims rarely report violence against them, which in turn encourages perpetrators to continue to commit it in various forms and dimensions. The thesis is based on the presentation of peer violence, identification of manifestations (physical, mental, cyber, etc.), the roles of individuals (victim, bully, and observer), the consequences for participants, and the roles of employees in educational institutions and the environment in preventing violence. In the theoretical part, I described in detail which manifestations of peer violence we encounter in primary schools and how to identify them easily. In addition to the classic forms, I added special ones such as sexual, cyber, racial, homophobic, and violence against students with special needs. Namely, these types of violence need to be paid the same attention as the others, which mostly happen in front of us. The following is a breakdown of the roles of individual students and how their role affects their further development and implementation in school activities. I think it is important for teachers and parents to recognize the signs when a child's behavior changes because this way they can already react preventively and prevent further possible consequences. As the last part of the theory, I present the role and role of employees in the education system, parents, the media, and the environment in the behavior of students and their response to violence. I emphasized the importance of the school and all employees in the school system, as children spend most of the day in an environment that must be friendly to them. In my research work, I used eight recent pieces of research (from 2010 to 2019). Their purpose is to show, not actual answers, that peer violence is a major problem of modern society and that more attention needs to be paid to prevention and good relations between the inseparable link between school staff, parents, and students.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	bullying;school;victim of violence;bully;observers of violence;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VIII, 71 str.
ID:	12050911