(magistrsko diplomsko delo)
Povzetek
Prisilna izginotja so že dalj časa obstoječ globalni fenomen. Čeprav se ga mednarodna skupnost
že več desetletij trudi nasloviti in zajeziti, pri tem doslej ni bila vedno uspešna. Problematika
prisilnega izginotja se kaže predvsem v pojmovanju in definiranju, saj le ta predstavlja trajajoče
ravnanje, ki vključuje več kršitev človekovih pravic, razvoj pravne ureditve pa je v različnih
vejah mednarodnega prava potekal neenotno. Danes prisilna izginotja ureja običajno
mednarodno humanitarno pravo, ki prisilna izginotja prepoveduje; mednarodno kazensko
pravo, ki prisilna izginotja opredeli kot hudodelstvo zoper človečnost in mednarodno pravo
varstva človekovih pravic, kjer poteka največ progresivnega razvoja. V pravu človekovih
pravic prepoved prisilnih izginotij per se ni obstajala do sprejema prvega zavezujočega
pravnega akta na tem področju t.j. Mednarodne konvencije za zaščito vseh ljudi pred prisilnimi
izginotji, ki enovito in celovito ureja prisilna izginotja in postavlja zahteve po inkriminaciji
ravnanja. Glavna težava te konvencije pa je v skromnem številu ratifikacij, kar ji znižuje
avtoriteto. Navkljub izčrpnemu korpusu pravil, ki prepovedujejo prisilna izginotja in
opredeljujejo odgovornost kršiteljev, je praksa izvajanja prisilnih izginotij danes vse večja, tudi
na strani liberalnih in demokratičnih držav, kot so Združene države Amerike, ki so prisilna
izginotja v obliki pridržanj v osamitvi in tajnih izročitev izvajale v okviru boja zoper terorizem.
Mednarodna skupnost nosi končno odgovornost, da zagotovi spoštovanje temeljnih načel
varstva ljudi pred prisilnimi izginotji in tako zaščiti čim več človeških življenj.
Ključne besede
mednarodno pravo;prisilno izginotje;Mednarodna Konvencija za zaščito vseh ljudi pred prisilnimi izginotji;človekove pravice;boj zoper terorizem;pridržanja v osamitvi;izročitve v tajnosti;magistrske diplomske naloge;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL PF - Pravna fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[A. Pisar] |
UDK: |
341(043.2) |
COBISS: |
32436227
|
Št. ogledov: |
467 |
Št. prenosov: |
135 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
International Legal Framework for Protection of Persons form Enforced Disappearance |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Enforced or involuntary disappearances have been a persisting global phenomenon and
although the international community has put a lot of effort into their regulation, it has not
always been successful. Problems have arisen mainly in the search for a comprehensive
definition, as the term “enforced disappearances” stands for a long-lasting offence that includes
violations of several human rights and has evolved differently in several areas of international
law. It is now regulated by customary international humanitarian law which includes a
prohibition of enforced disappearances, by international criminal law as it constitutes a crime
against humanity and by international human rights law. Until the adoption of the first legally
binding instrument, the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from
Enforced Disappearance, human rights law did not include per se such a prohibition. The
Convention is the first act that presented a comprehensive and uniform set of measures
regulating enforced disappearances and set out the requirements for criminalisation of the
named act. However, the Convention has been ratified by only a few states which undermines
its authority. Beside the extensive corpus of legalisation that prohibits enforced disappearances
the most recent state practice shows a non-compliance with the said rules, as even the most
democratic states namely the USA have been resorting to enforced disappearances. The USA
have been violating the rules prohibiting disappearances with the practice of incommunicado
detentions and extraordinary renditions in the context of war on terror. It is now the
responsibility of the international community to take appropriate measures in order to secure
the respect of the fundamental principles of human rights protection and therefore protect as
many human lives as possible. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
international law;enforced disappearances;International Convention for protection of all persons from enforced disappearances;human rights;war on terror;incommunicado detentions;extraordinary renditions; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak. |
Strani: |
VII, 49 f. |
ID: |
12058555 |