Poročanje ameriško-slovenskega časopisja o organiziranosti ljudske obrambe v nekdanji Jugoslaviji (1968-1989)

diplomsko delo

Žiga Štajnbaher (Avtor), Matjaž Klemenčič (Mentor)

Povzetek

V burnem letu 1968, ki je pretreslo Evropo in svet, je zamisel posodobljenega ustroja oboroženih sil na vzgledih iz časov narodnoosvobodilnega boja, ko se je bila Zveza socialističnih sovjetskih republik še enkrat lotila discipliniranja socialističnega tabora z vojaško intervencijo, kar je bil za Jugoslavijo hladen tuš, ki je streznil snovalce in izvajalce obrambne zasnove. Obstoj Jugoslovanske ljudske armade naj ne bi bil več zadostno jamstvo za ohranitev suverenosti, na vojskovališču naj bi jo bilo mogoče premagati, če bi napadalec zagotovil potrebno številčno in tehnično premoč. Tako so osnovali nov sistem splošne ljudske obrambe, v katerega so nameravali vključiti vso prebivalstvo, bliskoviti vojni pa naj bi se poskušali zoperstaviti z zamislijo dolgotrajne obrambne vojne. Jugoslovansko ljudsko armado je dopolnila nova struktura - teritorialna obramba, ki je delovala podobno kot nekdanji partizanski odredi. Z njo je bil zagotovljen vojaški nadzor nad vsem ozemljem. Bila je množična in sestavljali so jo prebivalci občin, kjer naj bi enote v primeru potrebe tudi uporabili. Enote naj bi bile enonacionalne, visoko motivirane, neobremenjene z nastanitvijo in oskrbo in naj bi bile najbolj celovito povezane s prebivalstvom. Tako zasnovo je 11. februarja 1969 uzakonil zvezni zakon za ljudsko obrambo. Na velikem manevru Svoboda 71 dve leti kasneje so zasnovo teritorialne obrambe preizkusili v praksi. Začel se je pospešen razvoj teritorialne obrambe. Štabi in enote naj bi nastajali tudi v podjetjih in krajevnih skupnostih. Republiški štab za teritorialno obrambo se jev začetku imenoval Glavni štab za splošno ljudsko obrambo, na čelu z Bojanom Polakom - Stjenko.

Ključne besede

vojaška zgodovina;splošna ljudska obramba;jugoslovanska ljudska armada;teritorialna obramba;Jugoslavija;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FF - Filozofska fakulteta
Založnik:	[Ž. Štajnbaher]
UDK:	355.48/49(497.1)"1968/1989"(043.2)
COBISS:	19346184
Št. ogledov:	212
Št. prenosov:	12
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	REPORTS OF AMERICAN-SLOVENE NEWSPAPERS ON NATIONAL DEFENSE STRUCTURES IN FORMER YUGOSLAVIA (1968-1989)
Sekundarni povzetek:	During the turbulent year of 1968 that shook Europe and the World to its core, the idea of armed forces that were based on updated principals of the forces that served in the Liberation front, came to light. This was the time when USSR had once more begun to discipline the socialist block by means of military interventions. This was a sobering moment for Yugoslavia and the people that designed and executed its defence. Mere existance of the Yugoslav People's Army ceased to guarantee the nation's authonomy as it was possible to defeat it on the battlefield, provided the invader outnumbered the defender and had superior technology. Because of this, a new people's defence system was developed, one that would include the entire population which would counter the ''blitzkrieg'' with the concept of a long-term defensive war. Yugoslav People's Army was thus complemented by another structure - Teritorrial defence. It operated similarly to the old partsan divisions. With it, the military control was assured over the entire Yugoslav area. The Teritorrial defence was a massive organization, comprised of the residents of the same municipalities where its units would be used, should the war occur. The units should consist of the members of a single nationality, they should be highly motivated, unconcerned about accommodation or supply and they should also be wholly connected to the local population. This idea was put into law on 11th of February, 1969, when the federal law for people's defence was passed. During the great maneuver Svoboda 71 two years later the theory was put to a practical test. An accelerated development of teritorrial defence began. Command posts and units would be created even in companies and local communities. The Republic command post for teritorrial defence was first named Chief command post for general people's defence and was lead by Bojan Polak - Stjenka.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Yugoslav People's Army;Teritorrial defence;people's defence;maneuver Svoboda 71;defensive war;partsan divisions;federal law for people's defence;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za zgodovino
Strani:	137 f.
ID:	12522247