Organizirana kriminaliteta v Republiki Hrvaški

magistrsko delo

Maja Krznar (Avtor), Bojan Dobovšek (Mentor)

Povzetek

Tema tega magistrskega dela je organizirana kriminaliteta v Republiki Hrvaški. Na začetku je opisana organizirana kriminaliteta na svetovni ravni, in sicer zgodovina organizirane kriminalitete po svetu, najpomembnejše organizirane kriminalne skupina na svetu ter nekatere institucije in agencije, ki se proti organizirani kriminaliteti borijo na globalni ravni. Kot naslednje je obdelana organizirana kriminaliteta na Balkanskem polotoku, s ciljem čim bolj dostopne in razumljive vsebine za bralca in interesenta, ki morda še ni dojel velike vloge relativno majhne Hrvaške v verigi aktivnosti organizirane kriminalitete na svetovni ravni. V tem delu magistrske naloge je geografsko opisana t. i. Balkanska pot ali Balkanska ruta raznoraznih vrst kriminalitet. Da bi bilo doživetje popolno, so navedeni tudi drugi vidiki pomembnosti Balkanske poti, skozi sodobno balkansko zgodovino pa vse do danes. Vse to nas usmerja na predmet našega raziskovanja – Republiko Hrvaško. Nacionalna ali nadnacionalna kriminaliteta, kombinacija obeh vrst kriminalitet, vse to je prisotno na Hrvaškem. Razpad bivše države Jugoslavije. Domovinska vojna. Vojni oportunizem. Evropska unija. Migrantska kriza. Tu se že lahko vrnemo v predhodni segment in zaključimo, da smo imeli prav, ko smo Balkansko pot postavili v kategorijo ključnih dejavnikov pri obravnavi organizirane kriminalitete na Hrvaškem, zato ker je prav ta Balkanska pot spremenljivka, ki je stalno aktivna in je v korelaciji z določenimi oblikami organizirane kriminalitete, saj velik del te poti poteka prav čez hrvaško ozemlje in je v tem magistrskem delu pogosto omenjena kot pomemben dejavnik za uresničitev kriminalnih aktivnosti. Ta pot je bila aktivna že v bivši državi, bila je aktivna tudi v vojnem času v devetdesetih letih 20. stoletja, in je aktivna tudi danes – vsekakor jo stopnjuje tudi migrantska kriza izpred petih, šestih let. Vendar, kar se tiče sosednjih držav, glavnina migrantske krize ni na Hrvaškem, temveč v sosednji Bosni in Hercegovini ter Srbiji, kar pa za organizirane kriminalne skupine nikoli ni bila ovira. Da dobro sodelujejo tudi v času vojne, brez ozira na verska prepričanja ali nacionalno pripadnost, tudi o tem smo se lahko prepričali pri nastajanju tega magistrskega dela. Z metodo znanstvenega intervjuja v okviru raziskovalnega dela te magistrske naloge smo pridobili podatke, spoznanja in informacije s strani pravnih strokovnjakov iz Bosne in Hercegovine ter Črne gore. Omembe vredno je, da sta obe državi pogosto ključni, kar se tiče lokacije izvajanja kaznivih dejanj iz domene nadnacionalne kriminalitete, ker se sodelovanje organiziranih kriminalnih skupin, kot smo že omenili, ne ozira na vero in narodnost. V nekem sociološko-filozofskem in filantropskem smislu bi bil tak odnos vreden celo pohvale, ko pa je v konotaciji in s ciljem najtežjih kaznivih dejanj – je pomen negativen, ker otežuje zaznavanje in spremljanje v kriminalističnem smislu. Z znanstveno metodo raziskovanja obstoječe literature in z obema intervjujema smo dobili celotno sliko in opis tistega kar nas je zanimalo, in to je pravni in institucionalni okvir boja proti organizirani kriminaliteti na Hrvaškem v primerjavi s sosednjimi državami ter pojavne oblike organizirane kriminalitete na Hrvaškem v primerjavi s sosednjimi državami.

Ključne besede

kriminaliteta;organizirana kriminaliteta;kriminalne skupine;Hrvaška;magistrska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2021
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[M. Krznar]
UDK:	343.341(497.5)(043.2)
COBISS:	67513347
Št. ogledov:	5528
Št. prenosov:	105
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Organized crime in the Republic of Croatia
Sekundarni povzetek:	The topic of this master's thesis is organized crime in the Republic of Croatia. We started from organized crime on a global scale. Here we covered the history of organized crime worldwide, the most important organized criminal groups in the world, but also some of the institutions and agencies that fight against it on a global level. The next thing we have dealt with is the organized crime on the Balkan peninsula, aiming at providing more accessible and understandable content for the reader and interested party who, easily, has not yet understood the great role of relatively small Croatia in the chain of organized crime worldwide. In this part of the master's thesis, we have geographically described the so-called Balkan route, or the Balkan route of various types of crime. However, in order to make the experience complete, we have listed other aspects of the importance of the Balkan route, through contemporary Balkan history until today. This leads us to the ultimate subject of our research - the Republic of Croatia. National or transnational crime, a combination of both of these types of crime, which are all present in Croatia. The disintegration of the former state of Yugoslavia. Homeland war. War profiteering. European Union. Migrant crisis. Here we can freely return to the previous segment and conclude that we were right to put the Balkan route in the category of key factors in the processing of organized crime in Croatia, because this Balkan route is a variable that is constantly active, and correlates with certain forms of organized crime in Croatia since most of this route passes through Croatian territory and we have often mentioned it in this paper as an important factor for the implementation of criminal activities. This route was also active in the former state, it was active during the war in the 1990s, and more than ever, it is active now - it has certainly been intensified by the migrant crisis in the last five to six years. Admittedly, as far as neighbouring countries are concerned, the majority of the migrant crisis is not in Croatia, but in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, but for organized criminal groups this has never been a problem. We have seen and written in this paper that they cooperate very well even during the war, regardless of religious beliefs or national affiliation. Using the method of scientific interview as part of the research part of this master's thesis, we gained knowledge and information from legal experts from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, it is important to note that both countries are often key to the location of transnational criminals because, as we have already stated, the co-operation of organized criminal groups sees neither religion nor nation. Otherwise, such an attitude in a sociological - philosophical and philanthropic sense would be praiseworthy, but when it is in the connotation and goal of committing the most serious crimes - the meaning is negative because it makes it difficult to detect and monitor in a criminal sense. The scientific method of researching the existing literature plus the interviews gave us a complete picture and description of what we were interested in, namely the legal and institutional framework for combating organized crime in Croatia compared to neighbouring countries and the forms of organized crime in Croatia compared to neighbouring countries.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	criminal groups;organized crime in Croatia;transnational organized crime;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VIII f., 67 str.
ID:	13040648