Sekundarni povzetek: |
Experiencing pain in the amputated area is known as phantom limb pain. There are insufficient evidence for treatment of phantom pain. Thereby, several methods are still in use to treat phantom pain, from pharmachological to non-pharmachological approaches, because the long-term effects are unknown. According to the literature, phantom pain is also impacted by several psychophysiological factors. Emotions, stress, anxiety and depression can impact and modify experience of phantom pain. However, the effect of psychophysiological factors on therapy for phantom limb pain is less known. In this master's thesis, we study how psychophysiological factors moderate the effect of the MAVITI method on the phantom pain reduction in patients with lower limb amputation. We are specifically interested in how the level of stress, anxiety and depression symptoms, patient’s expectation of a treatment outcome, interoceptive awareness, and heart rate variability prior to therapy moderate the impact of MAVITI on phantom pain reduction. We further explored the impact of differences in stress, anxiety, and depression after therapy on the impact of MAVITI method on phantom pain reduction. The effectiveness of psychophysiological factors is examined in two groups within two week intervention. One group of 10 participants was practising MAVITI technique in addition to the usual conventional therapy. The other group of 10 participants was exposed only to the usual conventional therapy. We used five measuring accessories, four psychological questionnaires, and device Savvy to measure ECG. Based on the results, observed psychophysiological factors do not moderate the impact of MAVITI method on phantom limb pain reduction. We see that adding MAVITI to the casual therapy has shown to be an important introductory factor of group differences in level of phantom pain after therapy, regardless of the level of difference in anxiety, stress and symptoms of depression after therapy. Most graphs point on a certain effect, which might exist, but cannot be indicated. However, since this area has not yet been explored, we can only anticipate that the results are hipothetically consequence of a problematic sample size or technique, or that the studied psychophysiological factors do not modify the impact of MAVITI method on phantom pain reduction. Nevertheless, findings of the conducted study emphasize the need for further research on psychophysiological factors in patients after amputation in relation to the treatment therapy for phantom limb pain and in relation to the pain itself. Thereby, future researches could also examine closely the role of psychophysiological factors in the use of MAVITI method for treating of phantom limb pain. |