Etična, zakonska in življenjska vprašanja o evtanaziji

magistrsko delo

Povzetek

Z napredovanjem medicinske stroke se je podaljšala življenjska doba ljudi in s seboj prinesla povečano število primerov hudo bolnih starejših oseb. Nihče ne ve, kaj točno nam bo prinesla starost, vendar se marsikdo vpraša, na kakšen način bo prišla smrt. Vsakdo si želi umreti spokojno in dostojanstveno brez nepotrebnega trpljenja in bolečin. Protibolečinska zdravila deloma pomagajo pri paliativni oskrbi, vendar zakaj bi človek na koncu svoje življenjske poti trpel in v agoniji čakal svoj konec? V Sloveniji vsi posamezniki nimajo enakega dostopa do paliativne oskrbe in marsikdo tudi ne pozna vseh njenih metod. Zakaj bolnik ne bi imel na izbiro možnosti, da svojo agonijo predčasno konča in si prihrani različno trpljenje tako v fizični in/ali psihični obliki? To so se začeli spraševati tudi različni posamezniki v Sloveniji, ki so se začeli med seboj povezovati in širiti vest o evtanaziji ter spodbujati razpravo o njej. S povezovanjem sta nastali dve društvi: društvo Zadnja pot in društvo Srebrna nit – združenje za dostojno starost. Slednje je 14. oktobra 2021 predstavilo predlog Zakona o pomoči pri prostovoljnem končanju življenja. Sama beseda evtanazija je grškega izvora in pomeni blago, dobro smrt. Gre za olajšanje trpljenja ali smrtnega boja umirajočega ali neozdravljivo bolnega na način, da pacient umre. V Belgiji, na Nizozemskem in v Luksemburgu sta uzakonjeni evtanazija in pomoč pri samomoru za posameznike, ki so neozdravljivo bolni in trpijo dolgotrajne bolečine, tako psihične kakor tudi fizične, ter jim nobeno medicinsko zdravilo ne zagotovi izboljšanja njihovega zdravstvenega stanja. Ko ti posamezniki ne vidijo več izhoda iz svoje vsakodnevne agonije, se obrnejo na pomoč k medicinski stroki v upanju na odrešitev. Evtanazija in pomoč pri samomoru sta v Sloveniji prepovedani. Pacient, ki je sposoben sam odločati o svojem nadaljnjem zdravljenju, ima le pravico, da po Zakonu o pacientovih pravicah zavrne zdravljenje, če to ne ogrozi zdravja in življenja drugih. Konec leta 2014 so se v Univerzitetnem kliničnem centru v Ljubljani pojavila namigovanja, da zdravnik evtanazira svoje paciente. Po namigovanjih je bil odrejen interni nadzor, ki je pokazal, da naj bi bili nekateri pacienti na nevrološkem oddelku evtanazirani. Na koncu je bil zdravnik Ivan Radan po dolgih štirih letih sojenja pravnomočno oproščen vseh štirih ubojev, neupravičenega snemanja pacientov, zlorabe položaja s predpisovanjem receptov ter ponarejanja listin za bolniško odsotnost.

Ključne besede

zdravstvena stroka;etična načela;magistrska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2023
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[M. Horvat]
UDK:	179.7(043.2)
COBISS:	144449027
Št. ogledov:	25
Št. prenosov:	1
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Ethical, legal and life issues on euthanasia
Sekundarni povzetek:	With the advancement of the medical profession, people's lifespans have increased and brought with them an increased number of seriously ill elderly people. No one knows exactly what old age will bring us, but many people wonder how death will come. Everyone wants to die peacefully, with dignity without unnecessary suffering and pain. Painkillers help to some extent in palliative care, but why should a person suffer and wait in agony for their end at the end of their life journey? Not all individuals have the same access to palliative care in Slovenia, and many people do not even know all methods of palliative care. Why should the patient not have the option to end his agony early and save himself various sufferings both in physical and/or psychological form? Various individuals in Slovenia also began to wonder about this, and they began to connect with each other and spread the word about euthanasia and encourage its discussion. As a result of the connections, two societies were created: Zadnja pot and Srebrna nit - the association for a dignified old age. On October 14, 2021, the latter presented a proposal for the Act on Assistance in the Voluntary End of Life. Euthanasia itself is of Greek origin and means mild, good death. It is about easing the suffering or death struggle of a dying or terminally ill person in such a way that the patient dies. In Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg, euthanasia and assisted suicide are legal for individuals who are terminally ill and suffer long-term pain, both psychological and physical, and for whom no medical remedy can guarantee an improvement in their health condition. When these individuals no longer see a way out of their daily agony, they turn to the medical profession for help in the hope of salvation. Euthanasia itself as well as assisted suicide are prohibited in Slovenia. A patient who is capable of deciding on his own further treatment only has the right to refuse treatment according to the Patient's Rights Act, if this does not endanger the health and lives of others. At the end of 2014, there were hints at the University Clinical Center in Ljubljana that a doctor was euthanizing his patients. Following the tip-off, an internal audit was ordered, which showed that certain patients in the neurological department were to be euthanized. In the end, after a long four-year trial, doctor Ivan Radan was finally acquitted of all four murders, unjustified recording of patients, abuse of position by prescribing prescriptions, and falsification of documents for sick leave.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Evtanazija;Zakonodaja;Etika;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VIII f., 62 str.
ID:	18197972