Cene Gostinčar (Avtor), Nina Gunde-Cimerman (Avtor)

Povzetek

Extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi are an important part of microbial communities that thrive in extreme environments. Among them, the black yeasts are particularly adaptable. They use their melanized cell walls and versatile morphology, as well as a complex set of molecular adaptations, to survive in conditions that are lethal to most other species. In contrast to extremophilic bacteria and archaea, these fungi are typically extremotolerant rather than extremophilic and exhibit an unusually wide ecological amplitude. Some extremely halotolerant black yeasts can grow in near-saturated NaCl solutions, but can also grow on normal mycological media. They adapt to the low water activity caused by high salt concentrations by sensing their environment, balancing osmotic pressure by accumulating compatible solutes, removing toxic salt ions from the cell using membrane transporters, altering membrane composition and remodelling the highly melanized cell wall. As protection against extreme conditions, halotolerant black yeasts also develop different morphologies, from yeast-like to meristematic. Genomic studies of black yeasts have revealed a variety of reproductive strategies, from clonality to intense recombination and the formation of stable hybrids. Although a comprehensive understanding of the ecological role and molecular adaptations of halotolerant black yeasts remains elusive and the application of many experimental methods is challenging due to their slow growth and recalcitrant cell walls, much progress has been made in deciphering their halotolerance. Advances in molecular tools and genomics are once again accelerating the research of black yeasts, promising further insights into their survival strategies and the molecular basis of their adaptations.

Ključne besede

ekstremofil;halotoleranca;črna kvasovka;prilagoditev;extremophile;halotolerance;black yeast;adaptation;

Podatki

Jezik: Angleški jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 1.02 - Pregledni znanstveni članek
Organizacija: UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
UDK: 579
COBISS: 188114435 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
ISSN: 0175-7598
Št. ogledov: 25
Št. prenosov: 3
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Slovenski jezik
Sekundarne ključne besede: ekstremofili;halotoleranca;črna kvasovka;prilagoditev;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Članek v reviji
Strani: str. 1-10
Letnik: ǂVol. ǂ108
Zvezek: ǂarticle ǂ252
Čas izdaje: 2024
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13052-2
ID: 23649487