Metode zmanjševanja padavinskega odtoka v urbanem okolju

diplomska naloga

Mojca Gantar (Avtor), Jože Panjan (Mentor), Janko Logar (Član komisije za zagovor), Vlatko Bosiljkov (Član komisije za zagovor), Igor Planinc (Član komisije za zagovor), Mario Krzyk (Komentor)

Povzetek

Ključne besede

gradbeništvo;diplomska naloga;UNI;padavine;površinski odtok;urbanizacija;racionalna metoda;zadrževanje;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2014
Izvor:	Ljubljana
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Založnik:	Mojca Gantar
UDK:	628.2/.3(043.2)
COBISS:	6547809
Št. ogledov:	2268
Št. prenosov:	500
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Methods of reducing stormwater runoff in urban environments
Sekundarni povzetek:	Urbanization has a significant impact on the amount of surface runoff. Percolation is reduced due to a high percentage of impervious materials covering the soil, evapotranspiration is decreased due to vegetation clearing, and there is not enough space for naturally formed depressions that would retain water within urban areas. Studies show that both surface runoff amount and velocity in these areas increase up to severalfold. Such runoff contains more pollutants as well. The first part of this thesis describes the characteristics of surface runoff, drainage types and the impact of urbanization on runoff. It also contains an overview of measures for urban runoff prevention and mitigation, which include trees, green roofs, rainwater harvesting, stormwater planters, deepened green belts, dry and wet detention basins, constructed wetlands, permeable paved surfaces, infiltration basins as well as other recharge and discharge structures in sewer systems. The second part contains a detailed presentation of the rational method, which is often used to calculate peak runoff from smaller drainage areas. It forms the basis of the modified rational method that helps estimate the necessary runoff retention volume by taking into account the allowed discharge. We studied the actual effects of urbanization in three cases, by monitoring the change in runoff coefficient, time of concentration and runoff amount. We calculated the necessary urban runoff retention volume that would not affect conditions downstream.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	graduation thesis;precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention;
Vrsta datoteke:	application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Strani:	XII, 77 str., 9 pril.
Vrsta dela (ePrints):	thesis
Naslov (ePrints):	Metode zmanjševanja padavinskega odtoka v urbanem okolju
Ključne besede (ePrints):	padavine;površinski odtok;urbanizacija;racionalna metoda;zadrževanje
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention
Povzetek (ePrints):	Urbanizacija ima velik vpliv na količine padavinskega odtoka. Stopnja ponikovanja se zaradi visokega deleža pokritosti tal z neprepustnimi materiali zniža, izhlapevanje je manjše zaradi krčenja vegetacije, prostora za naravno zadrževanje na terenu pa v urbanem okolju ni. Raziskave kažejo, da se količina in hitrost padavinskega odtoka zato povečata tudi do nekajkrat, odtok pa je tudi bolj onesnažen. V prvem delu naloge so opisane lastnosti padavinskega odtoka, tipi odvodnje in vpliv urbanizacije na odtok. Sledi opis ukrepov zmanjševanja padavinskega odtoka v urbanem okolju – drevesa, zelena streha, zbiranje deževnice, padavinsko korito, poglobljen zelen pas, suhi in mokri zadrževalniki, mokrišča, prepustne tlakovane površine, ponikovalnice in zadrževalno razbremenilni objekti. V drugem delu diplomske naloge je podrobno predstavljena racionalna metoda, ki se pogosto uporablja za izračun maksimalnega odtoka z manjših prispevnih površin. Na njej temelji modificirana racionalna metoda, s pomočjo katere se z upoštevanjem dovoljenega iztoka iz zadrževalnika določi potrebna prostornina zadrževanja. Na treh primerih smo raziskali dejanske posledice urbanizacije – spremembo odtočnega koeficienta, časa koncentracije in količin padavinskega odtoka. Izračunali smo potrebno zadrževalno prostornino, pri kateri se razmere dolvodno zaradi urbanizacije ne bi spremenile.
Povzetek (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	Urbanization has a significant impact on the amount of surface runoff. Percolation is reduced due to a high percentage of impervious materials covering the soil, evapotranspiration is decreased due to vegetation clearing, and there is not enough space for naturally formed depressions that would retain water within urban areas. Studies show that both surface runoff amount and velocity in these areas increase up to severalfold. Such runoff contains more pollutants as well. The first part of this thesis describes the characteristics of surface runoff, drainage types and the impact of urbanization on runoff. It also contains an overview of measures for urban runoff prevention and mitigation, which include trees, green roofs, rainwater harvesting, stormwater planters, deepened green belts, dry and wet detention basins, constructed wetlands, permeable paved surfaces, infiltration basins as well as other recharge and discharge structures in sewer systems. The second part contains a detailed presentation of the rational method, which is often used to calculate peak runoff from smaller drainage areas. It forms the basis of the modified rational method that helps estimate the necessary runoff retention volume by taking into account the allowed discharge. We studied the actual effects of urbanization in three cases, by monitoring the change in runoff coefficient, time of concentration and runoff amount. We calculated the necessary urban runoff retention volume that would not affect conditions downstream.
Ključne besede (ePrints, sekundarni jezik):	precipitations;surface runoff;urbanization;Rational method;detention
ID:	8327191