diplomska naloga
Povzetek
V hidrologiji pojem nizki pretoki pomeni stanje pretoka v vodotoku, ki sledi daljšemu obdobju pomanjkanja padavin. Kot taki so nizki pretoki sestavni del pretočnih režimov vodotokov, njihovo poznavanje pa je pomemben del učinkovitega gospodarjenja z vodami. V diplomski nalogi je predstavljen pregled glavnih kazalnikov nizkih pretokov; statistike nizkih pretokov, indeks baznega odtoka, analiza recesijske krivulje in deficita vodnega toka, krivulja trajanja pretoka ter indeks in razmerje sezonskosti. Za izračun obravnavanih kazalnikov je bil uporabljen program R ter znotraj njega nizkim pretokom namenjen paket lfstat. Na primeru vodomerne postaje Kokra I smo izračunali omenjene kazalnike ter tako skušali razložiti režim nizkih pretokov reke Kokre. Pri analizi deficita in recesijske krivulje smo določili primerne vhodne parametre izračuna, izrisali krivulje trajanja pretokov tako na letni ravni, kot tudi ločeno na letne čase. V analizi sezonskosti smo s pomočjo razmerja in indeksa sezonskosti dokazali zimski režim nizkih pretokov reke Kokre ter jo s pomočjo stolpčnega grafa mesečnih pretokov uvrstili v alpski sredogorski dežno-snežni režim. Analizo smo v nadaljevanju razširili še na 55 drugih vodomernih postaj po Sloveniji ter ravno tako vsaki od njih določili režim, v katerem se nahaja, ter izvedli analizo kazalnikov nizkih pretokov. Med seboj smo vodotoke primerjali po izračunanih statistikah; QSR, Q70, Q90, Q95, MAM1 in MAM7, indeksu baznega odtoka, indeksu in razmerju sezonskosti ter različnih kazalnikih analize recesijskih krivulj in deficita vodnega toka. Za kazalnike sezonskosti smo izdelali grafične prikaze ter ugotavljali medsebojno povezanost med izračunanimi kazalniki nizkih pretokov.
Ključne besede
gradbeništvo;diplomska naloga;UNI;B-VOI;nizki pretoki;indeks baznega odtoka;statistike nizkih pretokov;deficit vodnega toka;recesijska krivulja;krivulja trajanja;sezonskost;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2014 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Založnik: |
M. Petek |
UDK: |
556.167(497.4)(043.2) |
COBISS: |
6782049
|
Št. ogledov: |
2344 |
Št. prenosov: |
608 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Low-flow analysis of stream flows in Slovenia |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
In hydrology the term »low-flows« indicates a flow which is followed after longer periods of dry weather. As such low flows are an essential part of any stream flow regime and their understanding is an important part of effective water management. In this graduate thesis we presented an overview of main low-flow indices, such as low-flow statistics, base flow index, recession curve and stream flow deficit analysis, flow duration curve and seasonality indices such as seasonality index and ratio. The calculations of analysed indices were carried out in a software environment R inside a package for low-flow analysis lfstat. The indices were calculated on a case study of the Kokra I gauging station in order to explain the low-flow regime of the Kokra river. Appropriate initial parameters were set when analysing stream flow deficit and the recession curve. Flow duration curves were drawn on a yearly basis as well as separately for different seasons. In seasonality analysis the winter regime of lowflows was found to be the case for the Kokra river based on seasonality ratio and index values. Furthermore the analysis of low flows was expanded on another 55 gauging stations across Slovenia with each one of them being assigned the stream flow regime. Stream flows were compared based on calculated statistics, such as QMF, Q70, Q90, Q95, MAM1 and MAM7, base flow index, seasonality index and ratio and different indices of recession analysis and stream flow deficit analysis. The correlation of the calculated indices was analysed and graphical presentations of seasonality indices were made. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
low flows;base flow index;low-flow statistics;streamflow deficit;recession curve;flow duration curve;seasonality; |
Vrsta datoteke: |
application/pdf |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo |
Strani: |
XII, 68 str., 1 pril. |
ID: |
8708100 |