diplomska naloga
Nejc Repše (Avtor), Aleš Krainer (Mentor), Tomo Cerovšek (Član komisije za zagovor), Janez Žmavc (Član komisije za zagovor), Mitja Košir (Komentor)

Povzetek

Požar je kompleksen pojav, ki ga je v naravi nemogoče predvideti. Zato je smiselno, da si pomagamo z računalniškimi programi, ki omogočajo oceno razvijanja požara in stranskih produktov, ki nastajajo med gorenjem. Velikokrat se preiskovalci nesreč zatekajo k simuliranju situacij, ki jim omogoči vpogled v vzroke nesreče in v to, kaj je potrebno pri zasnovah materialov ali prostorov spremeniti. V prvem delu diplomske naloge sem povzel osnove in produkte gorenja. Predstavil sem tipičen razvoj požara v objektu in posamezne faze požara. Nato sem opisal zakonodajo, ki ureja varstvo pred požarom in tehnično smernico o požarni varnosti v stavbah. Da je požar v objektu možen, morajo biti izpolnjeni trije ključni pogoji. V prostoru morajo biti prisotni zrak, toplota in dovolj goriva. V drugem delu diplomske naloge sem modeliral 5 različnih scenarijev gorenja knjižnice na fakulteti s programskim paketom FDS in Smokeview. Z različnimi scenariji sem hotel prikazati razvoj požara v odvisnosti od lokacije požara in potek požara glede na spremenljive pogoje, ki jim je požar podvržen. Na osnovi rezultatov računalniške simulacije sem naredil primerjavo med dvema skupinama rezultatov glede na mesto vžiga. V zadnjem računskem primeru sem simuliral tudi gašenje požara s pomočjo plina CO2, ki pride v poštev pri prostorih z velikim požarnim tveganjem in v prostorih z občutljivo opremo. Na osnovi rezultatov sem pokazal, kako bi lahko izboljšali požarno varnost fakultete in evakuacijsko pot v primeru požara v knjižnici. Ugotovil sem, da je požar izredno nepredvidljiv in da ima posamezna spremenljivka v začetni fazi požara velik vpliv na njegov razvoj. Obenem sem spoznal, da je lahko gašenje knjižnice s CO2 zelo učinkovito, saj s tem ne poškodujemo opreme. Posebno pozornost pa je potrebno nameniti zakasnitvi gašenja, da imajo osebe dovolj časa za varen umik iz prostora.

Ključne besede

gradbeništvo;UNI;požar;simulacija požara;temperatura;saje;vidljivost;porušitev;gorenje;požarna odpornost;varnost v primeru požara;koncentracija dima;požarna varnost;knjižnica;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL FGG - Fakulteta za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Založnik: [N. Repše]
UDK: 614.84:624:727.3(043.2)
COBISS: 6131041 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 2436
Št. prenosov: 462
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Fire in the library of Faculty of Civil and Geodetic engineering
Sekundarni povzetek: Fire is a complex phenomenon that is naturally impossible to predict. Therefore it makes sense that we use computer software that enables an assessment of development of the fire and by-products generated during combustion. Accident investigators often resort to simulation of situations that give them the insight into the causes of the accident and what needs to be changed in design of materials or buildings. In the first part of the thesis, I summarized the fundamentals and the products of combustion. I presented the development of a typical fire in a facility and individual stages of fire. I then described the legislation governing fire protection and technical guidance on fire safety in the buildings. In order for a fire in the facility to be possible, three key conditions must be met. Heat, air and enough fuel must be present in the room. In the second part of the thesis, I modeled five different scenarios of burning in the faculty library with software package FDS and Smokeview. With a variety of scenarios I wanted to show the development of fire depending on the location of fire and the course of fire according to the changing conditions to which it is subjected. Based on the results of computer simulation, I did a comparison between the two sets of results according to the location of ignition. In the last numerical example, I simulated fire fighting using CO2 gas, which should be considered in areas of high fire risk and in areas with sensitive equipment. Based on the results, I showed how we can improve the fire safety of the faculty and the evacuation route in case of fire in the library. I found out that the fire is very unpredictable and that each variable in the initial stage of the fire has a major influence on its development. At the same time, I realized that fire fighting with CO2 in the library can be very effective, as it does not damage the equipment, but we need to ensure sufficient time for safe evacuation of people from the area.
Sekundarne ključne besede: graduation thesis;civil engineering;fire;fire simulation;temperature;soot;visibility;failure;burning;fire resistance;safety in case of fire;fire safety;smoke concentrations;library;
Vrsta datoteke: application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Strani: XXII, 82 str.
ID: 8726561