Vpliv predhodnih eksperimentalnih izkušenj na razumevanje svetlobe

magistrsko delo

Alenka Mehle (Avtor), Mojca Čepič (Mentor)

Povzetek

Kako doseči, da bodo učenci z zanimanjem opazovali fizikalne pojave, se z radovednostjo spraševali o vzrokih zanje in z vztrajnostjo iskali odgovore nanje? Odgovor na to vprašanje je poučevalska metoda , ki vzbudi in ohranja radovednost otroka in ga vodi preko lastne aktivnosti in spodbud učitelja do spoznanj, ki jih učenec lahko povezuje z drugimi uporabnimi znanji. Pridobljena znanja in kompetence pa bodo otroke usposobila za soočanje z izzivi današnjega časa, ki ga zaznamuje izjemen razvoj tehnologije in hitro spreminjajoče okolje. Pri sodobnem fizikalnem poučevanju je v ospredju aktivni pouk fizike, ki pomeni aktivno udeležbo učenca v vseh fazah poučevanja. V zadnjih desetletjih so se razvili različni pristopi h aktivnemu poučevanju fizike, vsem pa je skupno, da učenje o fizikalnih pojavih poteka z eksperimentiranjem in diskusijo učencev. V magistrskem delu obravnavam učni pristop, ki temelji na predhodnih nalogah, ki jih učenci samostojno naredijo pred obravnavo snovi. Z njimi pridobijo dragoceno izkušnjo, ki jim pomaga, da pridejo na učno uro motivirani in so lahko bolj osredotočeni na tiste dejavnike, ki jim pomagajo pri samem razumevanju fizikalnega pojava. Pouk je zasnovan s pestrim naborom vsebin in problemov, kjer se prepletajo različne metode. Analiza učnega posega je pokazala, da učencem koristi predhodna izkušnja v taki obliki in jo večina pozitivno sprejme. Kljub temu, da predhodne naloge niso bile obvezne, jih je naredil velik delež učencev, ki jih je snov pritegnila. Na primerjalnih testih je eksperimentalna skupina dosegla boljše rezultate kot kontrolna. Učni poseg je izveden na majhnem vzorcu, ki ne dopušča statistične obdelave,a rezultati izvedbe kažejo, da je primeren tudi za večjo populacijo in za nadaljnje raziskave v tej smeri.

Ključne besede

svetloba;didaktika fizike;aktivno učenje;predhodne naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2015
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik:	[A. Mehle]
UDK:	37.091.3:535(043.2)
COBISS:	10737225
Št. ogledov:	570
Št. prenosov:	111
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	The influence of previous independent experimenting on the understanding of light
Sekundarni povzetek:	How to achieve that students observe physical phenomena with interest, ask about the reasons for them with curiosity, and search for their answers with determination? The answer to this question is a teaching method that excites and maintains the curiosity of children and guides them through own activities, as well as encourages teachers to knowledge that students can associate with other useful skills. Acquired skills and competences qualify children to face the challenges of our time, which is characterized by remarkable development in technology and rapidly changing environment. Modern teaching of physics focuses on the active physics class, which means an active participation of students in all the phases of teaching. In the recent decades, different approaches to the active teaching of physics have developed, but common to all of them is that learning about physical phenomena is done by experiments and discussion of students. This master thesis deals with teaching approach based on preliminary tasks that students carry out independently before reading material. During the lesson these tasks help them obtain valuable experience that helps them to be motivated and more focused on those factors that help them understand physical phenomena. The lesson is based on a wide range of contents and problems where different methods intertwine. The analysis of the educational procedure has shown that students benefit from preliminary experience in such form and most accept it positively. Although preliminary tasks were not mandatory, a large part of students who were interested in the subject have done them. In comparative tests, the experimental group achieved better results than the control group. The educational procedure is performed on a small sample that does not allow statistical analysis, but the results of the implementation show that it is probably also suitable for a larger population and for further research in this direction.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	primary education;physics;osnovnošolski pouk;fizika;
Vrsta datoteke:	application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. Ljubljana, Pedagoška fak., Poučevanje: Predmetno poučevanje, Fizika in matematika
Strani:	139 str.
ID:	9056567