magistrska naloga
Tanja Bauer (Avtor), Šime Ivanjko (Mentor)

Povzetek

Lekarniško dejavnost v Republiki Sloveniji opravljajo javni zavodi in zasebniki na podlagi koncesije in sicer kot javno službo in hkrati tudi kot tržno dejavnost. Javni zavodi sicer niso ustanovljeni za opravljanje gospodarske dejavnosti in pridobivanje dobička, temveč za opravljanje javne službe, vendar so lekarniški javni zavodi v tem pogledu posebni, saj ustvarjajo velike presežke, delujejo pretežno po tržnem principu in so celo družbeniki v gospodarskih družbah. Zakonski predpisi na tem področju so nejasni in pomanjkljivi. Zaradi tega se v lekarniški dejavnosti pojavljajo številna vprašanja. Problematična je razmejitev med javno službo in tržno (gospodarsko) dejavnostjo, zato ni čisto jasno, katera dejavnost, ki jo opravlja zavod, spada v okvir javne službe in katera pod tržno dejavnost. Razmejitev pa je pomembna, saj je od nje odvisen režim izvajanja dejavnosti in razpolaganja s presežkom. Nekateri lekarniški javni zavodi presežek, ki ga ustvarijo, uporabljajo za ustanavljanje gospodarskih družb. Vendar pa zaradi določb zakonskih predpisov, ki javnim zavodom prepovedujejo pridobivanje kapitalskih naložb, obstaja dilema o zakonitosti ustanavljanja gospodarskih družb s strani javnih zavodov. Obstaja pa tudi vprašanje, ali takšno razmerje morda škodi poslovanju gospodarskih družb, glede na to, da javni zavodi delujejo po drugačnih netržnih principih, gospodarske družbe pa morajo biti konkurenčne na trgu. Zaradi tega nasprotja se postavlja tudi vprašanje, kako se razporeja presežek/dobiček, ki ga ustvarita javni zavod in gospodarska družba in ali se lahko razporedi v proračune občin ustanoviteljic zavoda. Pri obravnavi navedenih vprašanj naletimo na temeljno vprašanje, ali je zavod kot pravna oseba lastnik sredstev, ki jih uporablja za opravljanje dejavnosti ali pa so lastnice teh sredstev občine ustanoviteljice zavoda. S tem je povezano tudi vprašanje odgovornosti za obveznosti zavoda. Prav tako je v lekarniški dejavnosti različen položaj javnih zavodov in zasebnikov koncesionarjev, vprašanje pa je, kakšne so te razlike in kako vplivajo na izvajanje lekarniške dejavnosti. Morebitne rešitve navedenih vprašanj so že bile predlagane v okviru več predlogov zakonov, vendar ti še niso sprejeti. Opravljena je tudi primerjava ureditve lekarniške dejavnosti v Republiki Sloveniji z ureditvijo v Republiki Avstriji.

Ključne besede

lekarniška dejavnost;javna služba;javni sektor;javni zavod;tržna dejavnost;gospodarska dejavnost;magistrske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UM PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik: T. Bauer]
UDK: 346.543:616(043.3)
COBISS: 5208363 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1887
Št. prenosov: 212
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Pharmacy services – a public service or a business activity
Sekundarni povzetek: In the Republic of Slovenia, pharmacy services are carried out by public institutions and private pharmacists on the basis of a concession, as a public service and also as a commercial activity. Public institutions are set up not to carry out commercial activities and make a profit, but to perform a public service. Pharmacy public institutions, however, are an exeption and they generate large profits, primarily operating under economic principles, and are even shareholders in commercial companies. Statutory regulations in this area are unclear and incomplete. As a result, pharmaceutical services raise a number of questions. The distinction between a public service and a commercial (economic) activity is problematic. Consequently, it is not quite clear which activities, carried out by a public institution, fall within the public service and which of them fall within the economic activity. The distinction is important because the regime of performing activities and the disposal of surplus depend on it. Some pharmacy public institutions use the generated surplus for the establishment of companies. Provisions of the regulations prohibit the acquisition of equity investments to public institutions, which leads to a dilemma about whether it is legal that public institutions establish companies. There is also the question about whether such a relationship might harm the operation of companies, in view of the fact that public institutions operate according to different, non-market principles, while companies need to be competitive in the market. This contradiction also raises the question of how to distribute the surplus/profit created by a public institution and the company, and if it may be allocated to the budgets of municipalities that founded the institution. In addressing these issues we encounter the fundamental question of whether the institution as a legal entity owns the assets, used for performing its activities, or the assets are owned by the municipalities that founded the institution. Also the question of liability for the obligations of the institution is related to this. In addition to this, the positions of public institutions and private concessionaries in the pharmacy differ. This brings up the questions about what these differences are and how they affect the implementation of pharmacy. Possible solutions of these issues have already been included in several act proposals, which have not been adopted yet. Also the comparison between pharmacy services in the Republic of Slovenia and pharmacy services in the Republic of Austria was carried out.
Sekundarne ključne besede: pharmacy services;public service;public sector;public institution;commercial activity;business activity;master thesis;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fakulteta
Strani: 107, 1 f.
ID: 9159223