Preventiva pred dejavniki tveganja raka dojk v Zasavju

(diplomsko delo)

Barbara Leskovšek Polak (Avtor), Jasmina Nerat (Mentor), Maja Pakiž (Komentor)

Povzetek

Izhodišča: Rak dojke predstavlja slabo tretjino vseh rakov pri ženskah. Predstavlja diagnozo, ki ženski spremeni življenje. Na določene dejavnike tveganja za nastanek raka dojk lahko ženska sama vpliva, na druge žal ne. Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti dejavnike tveganja za raka dojk v Sloveniji in Zasavju. Ugotoviti želimo, kaj o dejavnikih tveganja in preventivi raka dojk menijo ženske v zasavski regiji in katerih ukrepov za preventivo se držijo. Raziskovalne metode: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno in kvantitativno metodo dela. Kot instrument raziskave je uporabljen anketni vprašalnik. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 117 žensk iz zasavske regije. Dobljene podatke smo uredili, sešteli po skupinah in izračunali deleže. Rezultate smo prikazali opisno in grafično. Z metodo analize in sinteze smo odgovorili na raziskovalna vprašanja. Rezultati: S pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika smo ugotovili, da so ženske v Zasavju najbolj seznanjene z naslednjimi dejavniki tveganja za raka dojk: dedna nagnjenost, okolje v katerem živimo, onesnaženost zraka, negativni stres, kajenje ter telesna neaktivnost in debelost. Pri teh vprašanjih so pritrdilno odgovorile v višjih odstotkih. Tudi drugi dejavniki tveganja so jim poznani, vendar ne v tako velikem deležu. Izvedeli smo tudi, da anketiranke dokaj dobro skrbijo za preprečevanje dejavnikov tveganja za raka dojk in se jih trudijo same odpravljati. Veliko število vprašanih jih ne kadi, uživa zdravo, uravnoteženo prehrano, mnogo jih redno hodi na preglede h ginekologu in si redno samopregleduje dojke. Glede poznavanja programov ozaveščanja o preventivi raka dojk pa so bili odgovori manj zadovoljivi. Polovica anketirank ne ve, če v njihovem kraju obstaja tak program. Diskusija in zaključek: Menim, da bi se dalo na področju preventive v Zasavju narediti še veliko. Ženske so sicer seznanjene z nekaterimi dejavniki tveganja, ne pa z vsemi. Še vedno si želimo, da bi manj žensk kadilo in se jih še več zdravo prehranjevalo. Predvsem pa želimo, da bi bil odstotek žensk, ki si redno samopregledujejo dojke, čim višji.

Ključne besede

rak dojk;dejavniki tveganja;Zasavje;onesnaženost okolja;skrb za zdravje;samopregledovanje dojk;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2016
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FZV - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede
Založnik:	[B. Leskovšek Polak]
UDK:	618.19-006(043.2)
COBISS:	2270116
Št. ogledov:	1126
Št. prenosov:	115
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	PREVENTION OF RISK FACTORS OF BREAST CANCER IN THE ZASAVJE REGION
Sekundarni povzetek:	Starting points: Breast cancer represents almost one third of all cancers afflicting women. It presents a diagnosis that can change a woman’s life. Some risk factors for the development of breast cancer can be influenced by the woman herself, while others unfortunately cannot. The purpose of this thesis is introducing the risk factors for breast cancer in Slovenia and Zasavje. We wish to determine the opinions of women from the Zasavje region regarding breast cancer prevention, as well as the preventive measures that they take. Research methods: Both descriptive and quantitative methods of work have been used in the thesis. A survey questionnaire was used as the research instrument. 117 women from the Zasavje region were involved in the survey. The obtained data has been organized, added together and calculated according to their shares. The results were presented both descriptively and graphically. We used methods of analysis and synthesis to answer our research questions. Results: Using the survey questionnaire, we have determined that women in Zasavje seem to be most familiar with the following risk factors for breast cancer: genetic proneness, living environment, air pollution, negative stress, smoking, physical inactivity and obesity. The percentage of correct answers regarding these questions was higher. They are also familiar with other risk factors, however not in such large numbers. We also found out that the subjects of our survey are quite capable of preventing breast cancer risk factors and are working on eliminating them themselves. A large number of survey subjects do not smoke and maintain a healthy and balanced diet, while several have regular gynecological checkups and breast self-examinations. In regards to their familiarity with awareness-raising programs about breast cancer prevention, the answers were less satisfactory. Half of the survey subjects are not aware if such a program exists in their hometown. Discussion and conclusion: I think that much could be done in the field of prevention in Zasavje. Women seem to be informed about some risk factors, yet not all of them. We still wish that fewer women smoked and more women maintained a healthy diet. Above all, however, we wish for a higher percentage of women, who regularly self-examine their breasts.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	breast cancer;risk factors;Zasavje;professional burnout;air pollution;healthcare;breast self-examination;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Strani:	VII, 51 f., 5 f. pril.
ID:	9166111