diplomsko delo
Mirjana Školnik (Avtor), Zlatko Dežman (Mentor)

Povzetek

Problematika trgovine z ljudmi postaja vse bolj intenzivna in razpršena. S svojimi različnimi pojavnimi oblikami je vse bolj prepoznavna in izstopajoča; beračenje, prisilno delo in izkoriščanje dela so poleg prisilne prostitucije in drugih oblik spolne zlorabe ključni nameni trgovanja z ljudmi. Trgovanje se predvsem analizira v kontekstu preprečevanja organiziranega kriminala in nadzora migracij, potrebne pa bi bile obravnave s poudarkom na položaju žrtve in njene zaščite. Glavni prispevek viktimologije, znanosti o žrtvi in viktimoloških raziskav je ravno v tem, da se iščejo biološki, psihološki, socialni in situacijski faktorji in značilnosti posameznikov, ki so postali žrtev v specifični situaciji. Viktimogene predispozicije predstavljajo tiste karakteristične ali osebne lastnosti, ter okoliščine, ki določajo, da je posamezen subjekt bolj izpostavljen ali manj zaščiten od drugih, ter bolj podložen temu, da postane žrtev. Vsi, ki se srečujejo z žrtvami trgovine z ljudmi, si želijo, da bi lahko izluščili nek profil potencialnih in dejanskih žrtev, vendar pa lahko postane žrtev kdorkoli, ki se v določenem trenutku nahaja v tvegani situaciji, zaradi katere postane ranljiv( npr. izguba zaposlitve, eksistencialna ogroženost, naivnost in slepo zaupanje, želja po hitrem zaslužku,…). A vendarle obstajajo nekatere skupne značilnosti žrtev, prav tako pa tudi bolj rizične skupine oseb, to so predvsem otroci in ženske. Vse pogosteje pa se v vlogi žrtve pojavljajo tudi moški. Novejša viktimološka prizadevanja se usmerjajo predvsem v skrb in pomoč žrtvam različnih kaznivih dejanj, saj so raziskave pokazale, da policija in kazensko pravosodje žrtve vse prevečkrat zanemarjata. Žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi je potrebno nuditi ustrezno pomoč in asistenco, opredeljeno v nacionalnih zakonih in mednarodnih dokumentih, katerih obveznosti prevzema tudi Republika Slovenija. Vendar je pravna zaščita žrtve v večini držav pogojena s sodelovanjem žrtve z organi pregona. Žrtve trgovine z ljudmi so zaradi psihofizičnih posledic izkušnje ujetništva in nasilja v nevarnosti, da brez ustrezne celostne pomoči in dolgoročnih, dobro načrtovanih rešitev in možnosti izbire ponovno postanejo žrtve. Program reintegracije za žrtve pomeni prvi korak k njihovemu samostojnemu življenju brez nasilja, izkoriščanja in kršenja človekovih pravic.

Ključne besede

kazensko pravo;trgovina z ljudmi;človekove pravice;viktimologija;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Izvor: Maribor
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UM PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik: [M. Školnik]
UDK: 34(043.2)
COBISS: 4391723 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1960
Št. prenosov: 282
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: VICTIMOLOGICAL VIEW ON VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS
Sekundarni povzetek: The problem of trafficking in human beings is getting more and more intensive and dispersed. Trafficking in human beings is with its various manifestations becoming more visible and prominent; forced begging, forced labour and exploitation of work is among forced prostituition and other shapes of sexual abuses the main purpose of human trafficking. Trafficking is usually analysed in the context of preventing organised crime and migration control, consideration of the emphasis on the position of the victim and its protection is needed. The main contibution of victimology, the study of crime victims and victimological research projects is in searching of biological, psychological, social and situational factors and characteristics of individulas, who became a victim in a specific situation. There are several characteristics that predispose one to becoming a victim. Those are features or personal characteristics and circumstances, which determine that an individual subject is more exposed or less protected than the others and more likely to become a victim. Everyone, who are facing with victims of trafficking in human beings, want to find some kind of a profile of potentional and actual victims, but everyone can become a victim, when he finds himself in a risky situation, because of which he becomes vulnerable (for example, loosing a job, existentional endangerment, naivity and blind trust, the wish for quick earnings,...). However, there are some common features of victims, as well as more risk groups of people, which are mostly children and women. Increasingly also men are in the role of the victim. The newest victimological efforts are directed in the care and help of victims of different crimes, since the surveys showed that the police and criminal justice too often neglect victims. Victims of trafficking are in need of appropriate help and assistance, which is defined in national legislation and in the international documents, which also includes the obligations of the Republic of Slovenia. Legal protection of victims is in most countries regulated only in the case of cooperation with state officials, Victims of trafficking in human beings are in dangeour because of psychophysical consequences of experiencing captivity and violence, without appropriate integrated help and longtermed, well-planed solutions and possibility of choice, they become victims again. The reintegration program means for the victim the first steep to their independant life without the violence, exploitataion and human rights violations.
Sekundarne ključne besede: victimology;trafficking in human beings;victims of trafficking in human beings;human rights;legal victim protection;(re)integration;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Strani: VI, 70 f.
Ključne besede (UDK): social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;
ID: 990399