Protestantizem in odnos do okolja

diplomsko delo

Tanja Balas (Avtor), Miran Lavrič (Mentor)

Povzetek

Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kako pripadnost protestantski veri vpliva na odnos do okolja. Zgodovinar Lynn White jr. je v svojem eseju "Zgodovinske korenine naše ekološke krize" antropocentrično krščanstvo obtožil kot glavnega krivca ekološke krize. To velja še posebej za protestantizem, ki je skupaj z znanstveno revolucijo 17. stoletja omogočil vzpon antropocentrične in individualistične etike. Protestantska etika je bila, kot je dokazoval Max Weber, po eni strani osnova za nastanek modernega kapitalizma, s čimer je gotovo prispevala k nastanku sodobne ekološke krize. Po drugi strani pa se je v okviru protestantizma vsaj od 1970-ih let naprej razvija tudi poudarjeno ekološko usmerjena teologija. H. Paul Santmire, John B. Cobb. jr. in Jürgen Moltmann so ustvarili protestantsko ekoteologijo (procesno teologijo in teologijo stvarstva), ki poudarja eshatološko upanje, biblično teologijo in ekopravičnost. Skoraj vse glavne protestantske denominacije, konservativne in liberalne, so na primer oblikovale svoje resolucije glede okoljskih vprašanj, pri čemer številni avtorji ugotavljajo, da se s temi vprašanji konservativne denominacije ukvarjajo nekoliko manj intenzivno. V diplomski nalogi sem na osnovi svetovne raziskave vrednot ugotavljala stopnjo ekološke usmerjenosti med protestanti in prišla do treh ključnih ugotovitev: da so (1) protestanti v primerjavi s pripadniki drugih večjih veroizpovedi najmanj ekološko usmerjena skupina, (2) da so glede te svoje usmerjenosti v primerjavi s katoliki in pravoslavnimi kristjani tudi najbolj enotni in (3) da niti liberalne protestantske denominacije, v primerjavi s konservativnimi, niso bolj okoljsko ozaveščene. Ti rezultati so v skladu z Whiteovo tezo, ki označi krščanstvo za najbolj antropocentrično religijo in kot tako v svojih temeljih antiekološko. Nizko okoljsko ozaveščenost protestantizma bi lahko povezali z individualističnim kulturnim vzorcem, saj je protestantizem odločilno vplival na družbeni pluralizem in individualizacijo, medtem ko sta pravoslavje in katolištvo povezana s kolektivističnim kulturnim vzorcem. Vendar pa so razlike v stopnji okoljske ozaveščenosti med tremi vejami krščanstva minimalne.

Ključne besede

religija;protestantizem;ekologija;ekoteologija;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Izvor:	Maribor
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FF - Filozofska fakulteta
Založnik:	[T. Balas]
UDK:	274(043.2):316
COBISS:	19468808
Št. ogledov:	2259
Št. prenosov:	175
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Protestantism and attitudes toward the environment
Sekundarni povzetek:	The purpose of this graduation thesis is to establish the connection between the affiliation to the protestant religion and relations with the environment. In his article, entitled "the Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis", historian Lynn White jr. suggests that anthropocentric christianity is actually responsible for our ecological crisis. This is especially true for Protestantism, who, together with the scientific revolution of the 17th century, facilitates the raise of anthropocentric and individualistic ethics. The protestant ethics was, as Max Weber proved, on one hand the foundation of modern Capitalism, thereby contributing to the modern ecological crisis. On the other hand, increasingly ecologically oriented theology has been developing in the framework of the Protestantism, at least from the 1970-ies, when H. Paul Santmire, John B. Cobb. Jr. and Jürgen Moltmann created protestant eco-theology (process theology and creation theology) that emphasizes eschatological hope, biblical theology and eco-righteousness. Almost all main protestant denominations, conservative and liberal, have for example formed their own resolutions regarding environmental issues, whereas many authors established that conservative denominations tend to be somewhat less engaged with these issues. In this graduation thesis we tried to establish the level of ecological orientation among the Protestants - based on the World Values Survey - and reached three key findings: (1) that Protestants are the least ecologically oriented group in comparison with other greater religions, (2) that they are the most united regarding this orientation in comparison with Catholics and Orthodox Christians and (3) that even liberal protestant denominations are not much more ecologically aware than conservative denominations. These results are in accordance with the White's thesis that characterized Christianity as the most anthropocentric religion and as such also as anti-ecological in its foundations. Low ecological awareness of Protestantism could be connected to the individualistic cultural pattern, as Protestantism had a critical impact on social pluralism and individualization, while Orthodoxy and Catholicism tend to be connected with the collectivistic cultural pattern. But, finally, the differences in the level of ecological awareness between the three branches of Christianity are minimal.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Protestantism;relations with the environment;ecology;eco-theology;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za sociologijo
Strani:	79 f.
Ključne besede (UDK):	religion;theology;verstva;teologija;christianity;krščanstvo;protestantism generally;protestants;dissenters;puritans;social sciences;družbene vede;sociology;sociologija;
ID:	997615