magistrsko delo
Suzana Prajnc (Avtor), Branka Trček (Mentor), Breda Kegl (Komentor)

Povzetek

Za urbana območja so zaradi velikega števila prebivalcev in ekonomskega razvoja značilni veliki pritiski na okolje. V preteklosti so bili ti posledica delovanja industrijskih obratov in individualnih kurišč, zdaj pa so v veliki meri rezultat povečevanja cestnega prometa. Dobro poznavanje razmer na področju onesnaženosti zraka, ki ga povzroča promet v mestu, je temeljni pogoj za izdelavo učinkovitih programov varstva okolja in načrtovanje ukrepov za zmanjšanje prekomernih koncentracij onesnaževal v zraku. Emisije onesnaževal iz cestnega prometa je težko izmeriti, zato jih računamo na podlagi prometnih podatkov in specifičnih emisijskih faktorjev za posamezne kategorije vozil. Metodologije, ki se uporabljajo za nadzor emisij iz prometa,se med seboj razlikujejo glede na vhodne podatke, emisijske faktorje in način izračuna emisij. Z uporabo metodologije COPERT IV, ki je predpisana za poročanje o nacionalnih emisijah v okviru Evropske okoljske agencije, je pa zaradi teže dostopnih vhodnih podatkov in zahtevnosti uporabe manj primerna za poročanje na ravni občin, smo določili emisije za mesti Maribor in Celje. Na podlagi rezultatov metodologije COPERT in podatkov iz literature smo razvili poenostavljeno metodologijo, ki zahteva manj vhodnih podatkov, je preprosta za uporabo in hkrati učinkovita. Primerjava rezultatov poenostavljene metodologije z izračuni metodologije COPERT IV je pokazala, da je poenostavljena metodologija primerna za oceno skupnih emisij onesnaževal CO, NOx in PM10 iz cestnega prometa za celotno mesto Maribor in manjša mestna območja, primerna je tudi za oceno emisij CO, NOx in PM10 iz cestnega prometa po kategorijah vozil za mestna območja s številom registriranih vozil nad 20.000 ter za oceno skupnih emisij CO, NOx in PM10 iz cestnega prometa za manjša slovenska mesta. Zaradi pričakovanih sprememb strukture vozil v mestih bi bilo treba poenostavljeno metodologijo preveriti in nadgraditi vsaka tri leta.

Ključne besede

emisije;onesnaževala;cestni promet;urbano okolje;Coperit IV;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UM FS - Fakulteta za strojništvo
Založnik: [D. Prajnc]
UDK: [621.43.068:656.1]:502.175(043.2)
COBISS: 16764182 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 2080
Št. prenosov: 179
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Development of simplified methodology for the emissions assessment from road traffic in urban environment
Sekundarni povzetek: Urban areas facing serious pressures on the environment due to the large number of inhabitants and the economic trends. In the past, environmental pressures were a result of industrial plants and individual heating, but now they are largely the result of increasing road traffic. Good knowledge of the situation in the field of air pollution caused by traffic in the city, it is fundamental for effective environmental protection programs and also to consider measures that would help to reduce high concentrations of pollutants in the air. Emissions from road transport are difficult to measure, therefore,the calculation is based on the traffic data and specific emission factors for each vehicle category. Methodologies, used for the control of emissions from traffic, differ according to the required input data, emission factors and the method of calculating emissions. Emissions from road traffic in the air for the city of Maribor and for the city of Celje were calculated by using the methodology COPERT IV, which is prescribed for the reporting about national emissions in the framework of the European Environment Agency. Due to limited accessibility of input data and the complexity of the application, the methodology is less suitable for reporting on the municipal level. Based on the results COPERT methodology and data from the literature, we have developed a simplified method, that requires less input data, is easy to use and effective at the same time. The results of this simplified methodology were then compared with the results of calculation, we have gained through the program COPERT IV. Comparison of the results showed that the simplified methodology is suitable for assesment of total emissions of pollutants CO, NOx and PM10 from road transport for the entire city of Maribor and smaller areas in the city. It is also suitable for the estimation of emissions of CO, NOx and PM10 from road traffic for single vehicle categories for urban areas where the number of registered vehicles is above 20.000 and for the assessment of total emissions of pollutants CO, NOx and PM10 from road transport for small Slovenian towns. A simplified methodology should be reviewed and upgraded every three years due to the expected changes in the structure of vehicles in cities.
Sekundarne ključne besede: emissions;pollutants;road traffic;urban environment;Copert IV;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Mag. delo, Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo
Strani: VI, 117 f.
ID: 8725732