Posilstvo - viktimološki pogled

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Iris Španinger (Avtor), Aleš Bučar-Ručman (Mentor)

Povzetek

V svetu je bilo posilstvo že od nekdaj »tabu« tema, o kateri se ni nikoli govorilo na glas. Z leti se je to začelo spreminjati, saj so žrtve pričele posilstva prijavljati policiji. Tako se je z leti začelo vedno bolj govoriti o posilstvih in ljudje hoteli ali ne, so se morali sprijazniti, da so posilstva že dolgo let med nami. Danes imamo na tem področju napisanih, kar nekaj knjig in strokovnih člankov, opravljene pa so bile tudi raziskave. Največ posilstev se zgodi v krogu znancev, zelo malo je takšnih, ki se zgodijo med neznanci. Kontrola in moč sta dejavnika, ki ženeta storilca. Posiljevalca ne moremo prepoznati, saj so to običajno čisto običajni ljudje, ki živijo normalno življenje. V Kazenskem zakoniku (KZ-1-UPB2) imamo pod 170. členom opredeljeno kaznivo dejanje posilstva. O posilstvih obstaja veliko različnih mitov, ki pa ne držijo, kajti resnica je zelo drugačna. Poznamo tudi dejavnike tveganja za posilstvo. Ravno dejavniki, pa so tisti, ki nam nekoliko pomagajo razumeti, zakaj pride do posilstev. Razlogov za neprijavljanje posilstev je veliko, vendar pa je od vsake žrtve posebej odvisno kateri bo tisti, ki bo prevladoval, da ne bo prijavila kaznivega dejanja. Seveda je lahko teh dejavnikov več. Žrtev se po storjenem posilstvu sooča sama s seboj in s kruto resnico, da je bila posiljena. V njej se preplavljajo različni občutki in v takšnih trenutkih je psihična stiska največji spremljevalec vsake žrtve. Od vsake žrtve pa je odvisno kako si bo pomagala v tej stiski. Za žrtev je zraven posilstva najtežje nekomu povedati, kaj se ji je zgodilo. Kajti glede na to, da v družbi oziroma med ljudmi velja prepričanje, da je vsaka posiljena oziroma zlorabljena ženska, sama kriva za dejanje, ki se ji je zgodilo, bo žrtev zelo premislila, če se bo komu zaupala. Ljudje se premalo zavedajo, da se to lahko zgodi tudi njim, kajti nihče ni varen pred posiljevalci. Posilstvo je prisiljen, nezaželen spolni odnos, ki v žrtvi pusti življenjske posledice in to je dogodek, ki jo je zaznamoval v vseh pogledih, tako v fizičnem, še najbolj pa na psihičnem področju.

Ključne besede

spolne zlorabe;posilstvo;žrtve;pomoč žrtvam;viktimologija;sekundarna viktimizacija;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2014
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	I. Španinger]
UDK:	343.988:343.541(043.2)
COBISS:	2809066
Št. ogledov:	2004
Št. prenosov:	402
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni povzetek:	The world has long treated rape as a taboo subject and was thus never spoken about openly. In the recent years the situation has started changing, as the victims began reporting rape to the police. Consequently, rape has become a more frequent topic which people were prepared to talk about and thus had to accept that rape has been present in the society for a long time. Nowadays, there is a lot of literature dealing with the topic, various books and articles, and also numerous researches studying the topic have been carried out. The majority of rapes occur among acquaintances and less among strangers, since control and power are the factors that drive the offender to commit the assault. A person cannot be easily identified as a rapist, since they are usually quite common people leading ordinary lives. The Criminal Code (KZ-1-UPB2) defines a criminal offence of rape under Article 170. There are many different myths about rape, which are false as the truth is completely different. To some extent, the risk factors of rape help us understand why rapes occur. The reasons for a victim not reporting rape are numerous and it depends on every single victim which of the reasons prevails when deciding not to report the criminal offence. There can be several factors influencing such a decision. After having been raped, the victims have to face themselves and the harsh truth that they have been raped. Different feelings arise in a person and in such moments psychological distress is one of the most common feelings of a victim. Yet the victim alone decides how they are going to act in order to help themselves. Besides having been raped, victims find it most difficult to share what has happened to them with others. This is mainly due to the fact that the majority of people believe that any woman who was raped or abused has herself to blame. Thus, any victim carefully thinks through before sharing what has happened to them with anyone. People are little or not at all aware of the fact that anybody can be raped and that nobody is safe from a rapist. Rape is a forced, undesired sexual intercourse which leaves the victim with long-term effects and which scars the victim for life in the physical and even more in the psychological sense.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	45 str.
ID:	8729480