ǂThe ǂeffect of carbon dioxide on near-death experiences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: a prospective observational study

Zalika Klemenc-Ketiš (Author), Janko Kersnik (Author), Štefek Grmec (Author)

Abstract

Introduction. Near-death experiences (NDEs) are reported by 11-23% of cardiac arrest survivors. Several theories concerning the mechanisms of NDEs exist - including physical, psychological, and transcendental reasons - but so far none of these has satisfactorily explained this phenomenon. In this study, we investigated the effect of partial pressures of O2 and CO2, and serum levels of Na and K on the occurrence of NDEs in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Methods. A prospective observational study was conducted in the three largest hospitals in Slovenia. Fifty-two consecutive patients (median age 53.1 years, 42 males) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were included. The presence of NDEs was assessed with a self-administered Greyson's NDE scale. The initial partial pressure of end-tidal CO2, the arterial blood partial pressures of O2 and CO2 and the levels of Na and K in venous blood were analysed and studied. Univariate analyses and multiple regression models were used. Results. NDEs were reported by 11 (21.2%) of the patients. Patients with higher initial partial pressures of end-tidal CO2 had significantly more NDEs (P < 0.01). Patients with higher arterial blood partial pressures of CO2 had significantly more NDEs (P = 0.041). Scores on a NDE scale were positively correlated with partial pressures of CO2 (P = 0.017) and with serum levels of potassium (P = 0.026). The logistic regression model for the presence of NDEs (P = 0.002) explained 46% of the variance and revealed higher partial pressures of CO2 to be an independent predictor of NDEs. The linear regression model for a higher score on the NDE scale (P = 0.001) explained 34% of the variance and revealed higher partial pressures of CO2, higher serum levels of K, and previous NDEs as independent predictors of the NDE score. Conclusions. Higher concentrations of CO2 proved significant, and higher serum levels of K might be important in the provoking of NDEs. Since these associations have not been reported before, our study adds novel information to the field of NDEs phenomena.

Keywords

obsmrtne izkušnje;

Data

Language:	English
Year of publishing:	2010
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	UM MF - Faculty of Medicine
UDC:	616.12-008.315
COBISS:	3595327
ISSN:	1466-609X
Views:	807
Downloads:	333
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	Slovenian
Secondary keywords:	Heart Arrest;Srčni zastoj;Carbon Dioxide;Ogljikov dioksid;Emergency Medicine;Urgentna medicina;Death;Smrt;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Scientific work
Pages:	str. R56 [1-7]
Volume:	ǂVol. ǂ14
Issue:	ǂno. ǂ2
Chronology:	2010
DOI:	10.1186/cc8952
ID:	10845025