magistrsko delo
Katrin Sevšek (Author), Alenka Polak (Mentor), Irena Hergan (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Samostojnost otroka je zelo pomembna za njegov zdrav razvoj, njegovo samozavest, dobro samopodobo in pozitivno identiteto. Le z razvojem samostojnosti v otrokovih zgodnjih letih otroštva lahko ta postane avtonomen, neodvisen, svoboden, uspešen in odgovoren posameznik s trdno osebnostjo. Starši imajo pri vzgoji za samostojnost velik pomen, zato morajo spodbujati samostojnost pri otroku že v zgodnjih letih. Šola ima veliko ciljev in priporočil delovanja vzgojno-izobraževalnega sistema, zapisanih v Beli knjigi (1995 in 2011) in Zakonu o osnovni šoli (2006), ki so usmerjeni k razvoju samostojnosti pri otroku. V današnjem času opažamo, da otroci med odraščanjem ne postajajo tako samostojni, kot bi morali biti ob času vstopa v šolo, zato me je v raziskavi zanimala samostojnost prvošolcev. V raziskavo sem vključila 118 učence, ki so v šolskem letu 2016/2017 obiskovali 1. razred. Ugotavljala sem njihovo samostojnost na področju skrbi zase, šolskega dela doma, šolskega dela v šoli in pri družinskih opravilih. V raziskavo sem vključila tudi njihove starše in 19 učiteljic. Rezultati so pokazali, da učenci v prvem razredu pri skrbi zase in šolskem delu doma niso povsem samostojni, ampak so samostojni le včasih, včasih pa jim pri tem pomagajo starši. Pri šolskem delu v šoli so učenci prvega razreda povsem samostojni. Družinska dela učenci prvega razreda opravljajo le včasih in pri tem niso popolnoma samostojni, saj jim v veliki meri pomagajo starši. Preverila sem tudi razlike v samostojnosti prvošolcev med podeželjem in mestom ter ugotovila, da so učenci prvih razredov s podeželja nekoliko bolj samostojni kot učenci prvih razredov iz mesta. Iz dobljenih rezultatov sklepam, da so pogledi staršev in učiteljev za razvoj samostojnosti spodbudni, saj se večina staršev in učiteljev popolnoma strinja, da samostojnost otroka pomembno pripomore k njegovemu razvoju samozavesti. Učitelji se bolj kot starši strinjajo, da imajo starši ključno vlogo pri razvoju samostojnosti otroka. Tako starši kot učitelji se strinjajo, da ima širše družinsko okolje pri razvoju samostojnosti otroka pomembno vlogo. S trditvijo, da ima šola ključno vlogo pri razvoju samostojnosti otroka, se starši strinjajo, med tem ko učitelji vlogi šole pri razvoju samostojnosti otroka ne dajejo velikega pomena. S trditvijo, da je za učenje samostojnosti otroka potrebno vključevati v družinska opravila, se učitelji bolj strinjajo kot starši, oboji pa so mnenja, da morajo biti otroci pri oblačenju/slačenju, obuvanju/sezuvanju, hranjenju in izbiri prijateljev samostojni že v vrtcu, pri umivanju zob, tuširanju, izbiri oblačil in času za spanje pa v 1. ali 2. razredu.

Keywords

samostojnost;prvošolci;starši;učitelji;razvoj otroka;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [K. Sevšek]
UDC: 37.011.3-052:373.3(043.2)
COBISS: 12069705 Link will open in a new window
Views: 531
Downloads: 126
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Independence of first grade pupils in school work and in taking care of themselves
Secondary abstract: The independence of a child is very important for their healthy development, their self-confidence, good self-image and positive identity. It is only with the development of independence in a child’s early age that they can become an autonomous, independent, free, successful and responsible person with a firm personality. Parents are very important for child’s independence, so they have to be the first who encourage their child to develop independence. When child go to school, teachers are also of great importance. They can do a lot for a child’s independence if this was not developed in the family earlier on. School has many aims and recommendations about educational system written in Bela knjiga (1995 and 2011), and in Zakon o osnovni šoli (2006), which are oriented towards developing the independence of children. Nowadays it is noticeable that children are not independent enough when they enter school. This was the reason why I was interested in the research of children’s independence. In this research 118 pupils, who went to the first class in the school year 2016/2017, were included. The independence of first-grade pupils in school work at school, in school work at home, in taking care of themselves and in household chores was studied. Additionally, pupil’s parents and 19 teachers were included in the research. The results have shown that first-grade pupils are not entirely independent in taking care of themselves and in school work at home. They are independent just occasionally, whereas parents often help them. In school work at school, first-grade pupils are entirely independent. But on the other hand, when doing household chores, children are not always independent. Differences in independence of first grade pupils between those living in the countryside and those living in cities have also been checked. It has been found that pupils in the countryside are somewhat more independent than pupils in cities. From the results of the research it can be concluded that parents’ and teachers’ views about the development of children’s independence are encouraging, because most of the parents and teachers completely agree that independence has a significant impact on the child’s development of self-confidence. Teachers agree more than parents that parents have a vital role in the development of a child’s independence. Both teachers and parents agree that the family has an important role in the development of a child’s independence. Parents agree with the statement that school has a major role in the development of a child’s independence, while teachers do not credit school with much importance. Teachers agree more than parents that for learning independence, children must be involved in household chores. However, both believe that with dressing up, putting on shoes, feeding themselves and choosing their friends, children have to be independent already in kindergarten. Parents and teachers think that children have to be independent in first or second grade when it comes to washing their teeth, showering, choosing their clothes and time to go to sleep.
Secondary keywords: pupil;primary school;independent work;učenec;osnovna šola;samostojno delo;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Poučevanje, Poučevanje na razredni stopnji z angleščino
Pages: 95 str.
ID: 10949177