magistrsko delo
Ingrid Čerpnjak (Author), Polona Dobnik-Dubrovski (Mentor), Darinka Fakin (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Dandanes predstavlja UV sevanje vedno večji problem, saj se zaradi tanjšanja ozonske plasti povečuje stopnja rakavih obolenj. Ploske tekstilije in oblačila, izdelana iz tekstilij, predstavljajo učinkovito zaščito kože pred UV sevanjem. Tkanine imajo sposobnost odbijanja, absorbiranja in razprševanja UV žarkov. Sposobnost zaščite tkanin pred UV sevanjem je odvisna od konstrukcije tkanin, odločilen pomen pa ima tudi barva tkanine oz. uporabljeno barvilo v fazi barvanja tkanin. Namen magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti, katera bombažna tkanina nudi najboljšo zaščito pred UV sevanjem oz. analizirati vpliv konstrukcijskih parametrov tkanin in vpliv barve na prepustnost UV sevanja. Tkanine so se med seboj razlikovale po finosti uporabljenih niti, vezavi in gostoti niti (in posledično poroznosti) ter barvi. Rezultati vpliva konstrukcije tkanin na prepustnost UV sevanja so pokazali, da imajo vezava, finost niti in relativna ter absolutna gostota tkanin vpliv na prepustnost UV sevanja, prav tako pa tudi na poroznost tkanin, ki je premo sorazmerna prepustnosti UV sevanja. Večja volumska poroznost pomeni slabšo UV zaščito tkanin. Rezultati vpliva barve na UV prepustnost tkanin so pokazali, da ima barva tkanine oz. vsebnost barvila bistven vpliv na UV zaščito. Analiza prepustnosti UV sevanja tkanin je pokazala, da nudijo ustrezno zaščito pred UV sevanjem (kjer je povprečna vrednost UV prepustnosti nižja od 5 %) tkanine, obarvane z naravnimi barvili iz rdeče pese in orehovih listov, ne glede na finost in nivo relativne gostote, vendar samo v keper in atlas vezavi. Pri tem so izvzete tkanine, izdelane iz niti 14 in 36 tex, v keper vezavi na 1. nivoju relativne gostote. Surove oz. neobdelane tkanine, brez nanosa barvil v bež odtenku, ne dajejo zaščite pred UV sevanjem z izjemo dveh vzorcev, ki so izdelani iz finosti niti 25 tex, v vezavi atlas na 3. nivoju relativne gostote.

Keywords

UV sevanje;konstrukcija tkanin;poroznost;barva;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher: [I. Čerpnjak]
UDC: 677.074.162.017+535.21(043.2)
COBISS: 22269718 Link will open in a new window
Views: 725
Downloads: 105
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Porosity analysis of cotton woven fabrics used for UV radiation protection
Secondary abstract: Nowadays, UV radiation represents a serious problem, mainly because of the depletion of the ozone layer and consequently the higher number of cancer diseases. Flat textiles and clothing that is produced from textiles represent an effective protection of the skin regarding UV radiation. Woven fabrics have the ability of resisting, absorbing and diffusing UV rays. The UV protection ability of woven fabrics depends on the fabric construction; the color of the fabric, eg. the pigment that is used in the process of fabric dyeing, is also of significant importance. The purpose of the master thesis was to determine, which cotton fabric gives the best UV radiation protection and to analyze the effect of the constructional parameters of the woven fabrics and the effect of the colors on the UV radiation permeability. Woven fabrics differed in the fineness of the used threads, type of the weave, the relative and absolute fabric density (and consequently regarding the fabric porosity) and the color. The results showed that the yarn fineness, the type of weave and the relative and absolute densities have the effect on the fabric UV radiation transmittance, as well as fabric porosity which is in linear correlation with UV transmittance. Higher fabric porosity means lower fabric UV protection. color, e.g. the content of pigments in fabric, has a crucial influence on fabric UV protection ability. The analysis of the UV transmittance showed that fabrics dyed with natural pigments of red beet and walnut leaves offer sufficient UV protection (in this case the average UV transmittance was below the 5%), regardless of the yarn fineness and the level of relative fabric density, but only if they are woven in satin and twill weave (with the exception of fabrics made from yarns of 14 and 36 tex, in twill weave at the first level of relative fabric density). Fabrics in a grey state in light brown color don’t offer UV protection with the exception of two fabric samples made from the yarns of 25 tex in twill and satin weave and the 3rd level of fabric density.
Secondary keywords: UV radiation;fabric construction;porosity;color;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Oblikovanje in tekstilni materiali
Pages: XIV, 97 f.
ID: 10955869