Vpliv ekstrakcijskega postopka na kvaliteto ekstraktov iz liofiliziranih hrušk (pyrus communis)

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Primož Tržan (Author), Maša Knez Hrnčič (Mentor), Darija Cör (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Za ekstrakcijo komponent iz naravnih materialov se uporabljajo različne tehnike. Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil določitev najustreznejše ekstrakcijske tehnike ter izbire konvencionalnega topila, ki daje najboljši izkoristek ekstrakcije in pri tem ne uniči biološko aktivnih komponent. V ekstraktu iz liofiliziranih hrušk smo določili vsebnost sladkorjev. V ekstraktih, pridobljenih z ekstrakcijo po Soxhletu, hladno ter ultrazvočno ekstrakcijo smo določevali antioksidativno aktivnost, totalne ogljikove hidrate, proteine in betalaine ob uporabi topil metanol, etanol ter etanol-voda. Ugotovili smo, da največji izkoristek ekstrakcije da hladna ekstrakcija s topilom metanol (47,78 %), kjer smo hkrati določili najvišjo vsebnost totalnih ogljikovih hidratov v ekstraktu (431 g OH/kg vzorca). Najvišjo antioksidativno aktivnost smo izmerili v ekstraktu dobljenem po hladni ekstrakciji z etanolom (2,27 %), vendar je masni izkoristek same ekstrakcije zelo nizek (11,24 %). Višje izkoristke smo dobili v primeru, ko smo kot topilo uporabili metanol ne glede na metodo. Po Soxhletovi ekstrakciji smo določili najvišjo vsebnost proteinov v ekstraktih ne glede na izbrano topilo, največ s topilom etanol (474 g proteinov/kg vzorca), medtem ko smo pri določanju betalainov izmerili najnižje vrednosti (391 mg betalainov/kg vzorca). Najvišjo vsebnost betalainov smo izmerili v ekstraktu po Soxhlet ekstrakciji s topilom etanol-voda (2513 mg betalainov/kg vzorca).

Keywords

ekstrakcija;rastlinski materiali;konvencionalna topila;aktivne komponente;antioksidativna učinkovitost;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[P. Tržan]
UDC:	66.061.3(043.2)
COBISS:	21982230
Views:	865
Downloads:	93
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Effect of extraction process on the quality of extracts from liofilizied pears (pyrus communis)
Secondary abstract:	Several extraction techniques have been applied for extraction of target compounds from natural material. The main purpose of our work was to determine the extraction technique and the choice of a conventional solvent which gives the best extraction efficiency and does not lead to degradation of biologically active components. In the extract from lyophilized pears has been determined the content of sugar. In the extracts, attained by Soxhlet, cold and ultrasonic extraction antioxidant activity, total carbohydrates, proteins and betalaine have been determined using different solvents; methanol, ethanol and ethanol-water. It has been concluded that the maximum extraction efficiency gives cold extraction with solvent methanol (47,78 %). In this extract we also measured the highest content of total carbohydrates (431 g carbohydrates/kg of sample). The highest antioxidant activity was measured in extract, obtained by cold extraction with ethanol (2,27 %), although the extraction efficiency was low (11,24 %). Higher efficiencies were determined when using methanol as a solvent independently from method. In extracts, attained after Soxhlet extraction, we determined the maximum protein content (474 g proteins/kg of sample) and at the same time the lowest contents of betalain (391 mg betalains/kg of sample). The highest proportion of betalains was measured in the extract attained by Soxhlet extraction using ethanol-water (2513 mg betalains/kg of sample)-
Secondary keywords:	extraction;plant materials;conventional solvents;active components;antioxidant activity;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	X, 33 str.
ID:	10957412