magistrsko delo
Rosana Klančnik (Author), Boštjan Brezovnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Občine so temeljne samoupravne lokalne skupnosti. Njihov primarni namen je, da opravljajo lokalne zadeve javnega pomena. Zadeve javnega pomena so predvsem zagotavljanje javnih dobrin oz. storitev (lokalne javne službe) upravljanje z občinskim premoženjem, skrb za gospodarski razvoj, prostorski razvoj, zagotavljanje služb socialnega skrbstva, šolstva, varstva okolja, zagotavljanje in pospeševanje kulture, športa in rekreacije. Za izvajanje vseh z zakonom predpisanih nalog mora občina zagotavljati finančna sredstva bodisi, da so to njena lastna finančna sredstva, da dodatna sredstva zagotavlja država ali jih pridobi kot posojila. Občine so osebe javnega prava s pravico posedovati, pridobivati in razpolagati z vsemi vrstami premoženja. Občine so pri odločanju avtonomne, s premoženjem morajo gospodariti kot dober gospodar, odločitve morajo biti sprejete v skladu s predpisi, delovanje mora biti transparentno, zagotavljati mora uresničevanje javnega interesa. Finančno premoženje občin tvorijo finančna sredstva, terjatve, dolžniški vrednostni papirji in kapitalske naložbe. Viri financiranja občine so opredeljeni v zakonu o financiranju občin. Pri upravljanju in razpolaganju s finančnim premoženje pa mora spoštovati v prvi vrsti določila zakona o javnih financah, zakona o javnih gospodarskih službah, zakona o javno zasebnem partnerstvu, uredbo o razpolaganju s finančnim premoženjem in še številne druge predpise. Občina je ustanovljena s primarno nalogo zagotavljanja javnih dobrin oz. opravljanja lokalnih javnih služb. Omenjene javne službe lahko opravlja v zakonsko opredeljenih oblikah, bodisi za ustanovitvijo svojih (javnih) podjetij, bodisi s podelitvijo koncesije ali v obliki javno zasebnega partnerstva. Temeljni finančni akt občine je proračun, ki ga občinskemu svetu predloži župan. Proračun mora biti pripravljen v skladu s predpisi in osnovnimi javno finančnimi načeli. Proračun potrdi občinski svet, potrjen proračun je podlaga za izvajanje zakonsko obveznih nalog, občinskih obveznih in neobveznih programov oz. nalog, za razpolaganje s finančnimi in stvarnim premoženjem. Kljub več krat navedenemu dejstvu, da je občina pri sprejemanju odločitev v zvezi z upravljanjem in razpolaganjem s svojim premoženjem avtonomna, jo pri teh odločitvah omejuje kar nekaj zakonsko predpisanih pogojev oziroma tudi ovir. Eden osnovnih, glavni pogoj je, da vselej sledi javnemu interesu, za katerega pa se izkaže da je relativno širok pojem odvisen od vsakokratne interpretacije, ugotovitve obstoja in potrditve le –tega.

Keywords

lokalna samouprava;finančno premoženje;omejitve razpolaganja;proračun;proračunska načela;magistrska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: [R. Klančnik]
UDC: 336.14:352(043.3)
COBISS: 5653291 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Disposing of financial assets of self-governing local communities
Secondary abstract: Municipalities are the basic self-governing local communities. Their primary purpose is to perform local matters of public interest. The matters of public interest are mainly the provision of public goods and services (local public utilities), municipal asset management, promotion of economic and spatial development, provision of social care, education, and environmental protection, as well as provision and promotion of culture, sports and recreation. For the execution of all duties laid down by the law, the municipality must provide financial resources, whether its own, national means or loans. Municipalities are public legal entities with the right to possess, acquire and have at their disposal all types of assets. Municipalities are granted autonomy in their decision-making, they must manage their assets with due diligence, their decisions must be taken in accordance with the regulations, they must function in a transparent way and ensure the fulfilment of public interest. The assets of municipalities are composed of financial resources, claims, debt securities and capital investments. Sources of finance of municipalities are set out by the Financing of Municipalities Act. When managing and disposing of financial assets, the municipality must principally comply with the provisions of the Public Finance Act, the Services of General Economic Interest Act, the Public-Private Partnership Act, the Decree on disposing of financial assets, and with many other regulations. The municipality is established with a primary duty of providing the public goods and local public services. The mentioned public services may be performed in the legally defined forms, whether by establishing its own (public) undertakings, by granting concessions or by establishing the public-private partnerships. The basic financial act of the municipality is the budget which is proposed to the municipal council by the mayor. The budget must be drawn up in accordance with the regulations and basic government principles. The budget is approved by the municipal council and such approved budget represents the basis for the execution of compulsory duties, municipally mandatory and optional programmes or duties, and for the disposal of financial and physical assets. Despite the repeatedly mentioned fact that the municipality has autonomous decision-making powers with regard to the management and disposal of its assets, there are several statutory requirements or obstacles limiting it in its decisions. One of the basic requirements is that the municipality must always pursue the public interest, which is a relatively broad concept that depends on the respective interpretation, determination of its existence and its confirmation.
Secondary keywords: local self-government;financial assets;limitations on disposal;budget;budgetary principles;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages: 49 str.
ID: 10958165