diplomsko delo
Deja Porenta (Author), Irena Golinar (Mentor), Irena Golinar (Thesis defence commission member), Matija Rijavec (Thesis defence commission member), Polona Jamnik (Thesis defence commission member), Mojca Narat (Thesis defence commission member), Matija Rijavec (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Anafilaksija je življenje ogrožajoča, hitro potekajoča sistemska preobčutljivostna reakcija, ki lahko vodi v smrt. Razvije se lahko v trenutku po izpostavitvi organizma alergenu, kot so hrana, piki žuželk in zdravila. Spremljajo jo potencialno nevarni simptomi prizadetosti dihal in kardiovaskularnega sistema in tako predstavlja skrajni primer neustreznega imunskega odziva ter porušenega imunskega ravnovesja. Pri anafilaksiji imata glavno vlogo dva tipa imunskih celic, mastociti in bazofilci, saj njuna aktivacija in sproščeni mediatorji vodijo do simptomov anafilaksije. Mastociti in bazofilci si delijo nekatere ključne lastnosti, kot sta izražanje receptorja FcεRI, ki z veliko afiniteto veže protitelesa razreda IgE, in sposobnost takojšnje degranulacije. Mastociti so že dolgo poznani kot efektorske celice s ključno vlogo pri klasični, z IgE posredovani anafilaksiji, medtem ko je bila pomembna in specifična vloga bazofilcev ter njihova migracija med anafilaksijo opisana šele nedavno. Različni mehanizmi, sprožilci, lastnosti anafilaktičnih dogodkov, klinični znaki ter vedno bolj očitne specifične vloge posameznih efektorskih celic odražajo izredno kompleksnost anafilaksije in posledično težave z njenim z razumevanjem. V diplomskem delu je predstavljeni pregled obstoječih raziskav in opredeljeni mehanizmi anafilaksije.

Keywords

biotehnologija;imunologija;anafilaksija;bazofilci;mastociti;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [D. Porenta]
UDC: 577.27:57.083.32(043.2)
COBISS: 9234553 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1007
Downloads: 302
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂrole of basophils and mast cells in anaphylaxis
Secondary abstract: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening, rapidly progressing systemic hypersensitivity reaction that can result in death. Because it can be triggered within minutes after antigen exposure (eg. certain foods, insect stings, drugs) and is associated with serious cardiovascular problems and airway obstruction, anaphylaxis can be considered the most aberrant example of incorrect immune response and destroyed immune balance. The key players in anaphylaxis are considered to be mast cells and basophils, which share a few distinct features, such as expression of FcεRI receptor that binds IgE with high affinity and the ability to rapidly degranulate. Mast cells are already well-known as the major effector cells during a classical mechanism called IgE-dependent anaphylaxis, whereas the important and specific role for basophils and their migration occurring during anaphylaxis was described only recently. Distinct mechanisms, triggers, features of anaphylactic reactions, clinical symptoms and arising specific roles of a single effector cell reflect high complexity of anaphylaxis and consequently the difficulties with its understanding. This thesis overviews existing studies on mentioned topic and defines mechanisms of action concerning anaphylaxis.
Secondary keywords: biotechnology;immunology;anaphylaxis;basophils;mast cells;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages: VIII, 22 str.
ID: 11149681