magistrsko delo
Kaja Toplišek (Author), Vesna Štemberger (Mentor)

Abstract

Šport je pomemben za zdravje. Tako za odrasle kot za otroke. Otroci so dovzetni za sprejemanje navad in vzorcev najprej iz družine in nato iz okolja, zato je izredno pomembno, da jim kot odgovorni odrasli že v prvem triletju šolanja pokažemo pozitivne strani športnih aktivnosti. Da pa bi otrokom lahko ustrezno predstavili različne gibalne oziroma športne aktivnosti, morajo imeti učitelji ustrezne kompetence. Nekatere športne prvine zahtevajo specifične pedagoške pristope, poleg tega pa mora vsak učitelj poznati tudi učni načrt za športno vzgojo in ga uresničevati. Šport je predmet, ki vključuje različne športne vsebine, pri čemer je gimnastika ena od tistih, ki zahteva veliko posebnega znanja. Poleg tega je gimnastika za otroke v prvem triletju ključna, saj vključuje veliko gibalnih vzorcev, ki so pomembni za otrokov razvoj. Otroci se gimnastičnih prvin učijo z metodičnimi postopki, ki jih mora učitelj dobro poznati, saj lahko njihovo nepoznavanje privede do nepravilnega izvajanja, v hujših primerih celo do poškodb. Večina gimnastičnih prvin od učitelja poleg poznavanja metodičnih postopkov zahteva tudi dobro poznavanje nudenja pomoči oziroma varovanja. Z raziskavo bomo poskušali ugotoviti, pri katerih gimnastičnih vsebinah se učitelji razrednega pouka počutijo najbolj usposobljene, kje čutijo največ strahu ter kako so seznanjeni z varovanjem. Opravljena raziskava bo s svojimi izsledki prispevala k zavedanju pomembnosti poznavanja gimnastičnih vsebin, pravilne izvedbe metodičnih postopkov in zagotavljanja varnosti učencev. Izhodiščna ideja raziskovanja je bila s kvantitativnim raziskovalnim pristopom ter deskriptivno metodo ugotoviti, kako razredni učitelji v prvi triadi ocenjujejo svojo usposobljenost oziroma kompetentnost za poučevanje gimnastike, katera so tista področja, za katera se učitelji počutijo bolj usposobljene, in katera so tista, za katera se počutijo manj kompetentne. Raziskava je bila narejena na vzorcu 57 učiteljev razrednega pouka iz 24 slovenskih osnovnih šol, ki so v šolskem letu 2017/2018 poučevali v prvem triletju osnovne šole. Vsi anketirani učitelji so trenutno ali v preteklosti poučevali tudi predmet šport. Podatke za raziskavo smo pridobili s pomočjo spletnega vprašalnika. Teoretični del zajema celostni pregled predmeta šport in področja gimnastike ter kazalcev kakovosti za njegovo oziroma njeno poučevanje. Za ustrezno in uspešno delo učitelji potrebujejo tudi ustrezne kompetence, zato smo predstavili različne poglede na kompetence in njihov razvoj na splošno. Menili smo, da učitelji ne posvečajo dovolj pozornosti razvoju lastnih kompetenc na področju gimnastike oziroma da so na tem področju premalo izobraženi in se za samo delo ne počutijo dovolj usposobljene. V povprečju so bili anketirani učitelji stari 41,3 leta s povprečno delovno dobo 17,2 leta. Anketiranci so večinoma prepričani, da je šport koristen za zdravje in o tem osveščajo tudi svoje učence. V povprečju anketirani učitelji svojo usposobljenost za poučevanje predmeta šport ocenjujejo kar visoko (povprečna ocena 3,85). Rezultati ankete so nam pokazali, da pri poučevanju gimnastičnih prvin učitelji najraje poučujejo vaje na ožji površini in ritmično gimnastiko. Pri poznavanju metodičnih postopkov so najvišjo oceno pripisali poučevanju vaj ravnotežja na ožji površini, čemur so dodelili tudi največjo oceno poznavanja pravilnega varovanja.

Keywords

osnovna šola;šport;gimnastične vsebine;varnost;razredni učitelji;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [K. Toplišek]
UDC: 796.4:373.3(043.3)
COBISS: 12665673 Link will open in a new window
Views: 408
Downloads: 51
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Competencies of primary teachers for teaching gymnastic contents in the first triad of elementary school
Secondary abstract: Sport is important for health, for both, adults and children. Children are receptive to habits and patterns, first from their family and then from the environment. It is therefore important that we, as responsible adults, show them the positive aspects of sports activities in the first years of school. However, to be able to appropriately introduce different physical/sports activities, teachers must have appropriate competences. Some sports elements also require specific pedagogical approaches, and each teacher must be familiar with the curriculum for sports education and implement it in their teaching hours. Gymnastics is one of the sports content that requires a lot of special knowledge. Also, gymnastics in the first three years is crucial for children as it involves many movement patterns that are important for the child's development. Children learn gymnastics through methodical procedures, which the teacher must be well aware of, as not knowing them can lead to incorrect performance and, in severe cases, even injury. Most gymnastic elements require from a teacher, in addition to knowledge of methodical procedures, a good knowledge of providing assistance and protection. The questionnaire will try to find out for which gymnastics content the class teachers feel most qualified for, where they feel the most fear, and how are they familiar with assistance. The conducted research will, with its findings, contribute to the awareness of the importance of knowledge of gymnastics content, proper implementation of methodical procedures, and ensuring the proper assistance. The basic idea of the research was to find out how the teachers evaluate their competence for teaching gymnastics, which are the areas for which the teachers feel more qualified for and which are the ones for which they feel less competent. The survey was conducted on a sample of 57 classroom teachers from 24 elementary schools across Slovenia, who taught in the 2017/2018 school year in the first three years of primary school. All of the teachers surveyed have taught Sports at the time of the research or in the past. Research data was obtained through an online questionnaire. The theoretical part of the master thesis covers a comprehensive overview of the subject Sport, the fields of gymnastics and quality indicators for teaching. Teachers to work properly and successfully need appropriate competencies. We presented different views on competences and their development in general. We hypothesized that teachers do not pay enough attention to develop their competences in the field of gymnastics, or that they were under-educated in this field and do not feel sufficiently qualified for the work itself. Surveyed teachers were on average 41.3 years old with an average working age of 17.2 years. Most of the respondents believe that sport is good for their health and they are raising awareness of it among their students. The teachers rate their competence for teaching the subject Sport pretty high (average grade 3.85). The results of the survey showed that, when teaching gymnastics, teachers prefer to teach narrow-surface exercises and rhythmic gymnastics. In methodical procedures knowledge, the highest score was attributed to the teaching of balance exercises on a narrower surface. This content was also awarded with the highest score for knowledge of proper assistance.
Secondary keywords: gymnastics;primary education;gimnastika;osnovnošolski pouk;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Poučevanje na razredni stopnji
Pages: 62 str.
ID: 11276658