diplomsko delo
Vildana Omeragić (Author), Robert Sotler (Reviewer), Darja Ovijač (Mentor), Helena Kristina Halbwachs (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Postopno naraščanje kulturne diverzifikacije na svetovni ravni je vzrok, da morajo ljudje iz različnih kulturnih skupin živeti skupaj. Zaradi kulturne raznolikosti pogosto prihaja do nesporazumov, konfliktov, etnocentrizma, diskriminacije in stereotipizacije. Vse to so izzivi za zdravstvene delavce po vsem svetu, ki morajo skrbeti za vse večje število kulturno in jezikovno raznolikih pacientov. Namen: V diplomskem delu smo predstavili kulturne kompetence medicinskih sester. Skladno s tem smo raziskali kulturno zavedanje in kulturno občutljivost medicinskih sester, pomanjkljivosti zdravstvenih delavcev na področju kulturnih kompetenc ter ugotovili, kaj predstavlja največji izziv za zdravstvene delavce pri obravnavi pacientov različnih kulturnih prepričanj. Metode dela: Na podlagi deskriptivne metode dela smo sistematično pregledali znanstvene in strokovne slovenske ter tuje literature s področja kulturnih kompetenc v zdravstveni negi. Članke smo pridobili v spletni reviji Obzornik zdravstvene nege, podatkovni bazi Pubmed, COBIB.SI in na spletnem portalu digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani. Uporabili smo ključne besede kultura, kulturne kompetence, zdravstvena nega. Starost iskane literature smo omejili na obdobje izdaje člankov od leta 2005 do 2019. Rezultati: Na osnovi principa hierarhije iskanja dokazov smo glede na opredeljene raziskovalne cilje v končno analizo vključili 19 znanstvenih člankov. Ugotovitve študij smo razporedili v štiri kategorije in jih opisali z 59 kodami. Razprava in zaključek: Medkulturne kompetence v zdravstvu so ključnega pomena, ker svet z leti postaja bolj multikulturen. Medicinske sestre se danes soočajo z novimi in s kompleksnimi izzivi, ki jih prinaša kulturno raznolik ter dinamičen svet, v katerem živimo. Ovir za kulturno kompetentno zdravstveno nego je mnogo, med njimi etnocentrično osebno prepričanje in pogledi, nezadostna izobraženost, pomanjkanje znanja, slabo ali nezadostno znanje jezika ter zanašanje na tolmača pri posredovanju zdravstvenih sporočil. Model procesa kulturne kompetence Campinha-Bacote lahko medicinskim sestram pomaga pri reševanju kulturnih vprašanj, povezanih z nizko zdravstveno pismenostjo osebe. Povečanje stopnje kulturne kompetentnosti in zagotavljanje kulturno kompetentne zdravstvene nege, lahko izboljša kakovost zdravstvene nege ter zdravstvene izide. Raziskav, ki ugotavljajo vlogo samozavedanja na področju kulturnih kompetenc, je malo. Eden od pomembnejših izzivov v literaturi o kulturni usposobljenosti zdravstvenih delavcev je pomanjkanje trdnih empiričnih dokazov o različnih vidikih kulturne usposobljenosti in njenega dejanskega vpliva na zdravje bolnikov.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;kompetence;kulturne kompetence;medkulturne kompetence;medicinske sestre;zdravstveni delavci;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [V. Omeragić]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 23442947 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1600
Downloads: 271
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Nursing intercultural competences
Secondary abstract: Introduction: The gradual increase in cultural diversification globally is the reason why people from different cultural groups have to live together. Cultural diversity often leads to misunderstandings, conflicts, ethnocentrism, discrimination and stereotyping. All of these are challenges for healthcare professionals around the world who need to take care of the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity of patients. Purpose: In the diploma thesis we presented the cultural competencies of nurses. Accordingly, we investigated the cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity of nurses, the shortcomings of health professionals in the field of cultural competences, and identified what constitutes the greatest challenge for healthcare professionals in dealing with patients of different cultural beliefs. Methods: Based on the descriptive method of work, we systematically reviewed scientific and professional Slovenian and foreign literature in the field of cultural competencies in nursing. The articles were obtained from the online journal Slovenian Nursing Review, the Pubmed database, COBIB.SI and the web portal of the digital library of the University of Ljubljana. We used the keywords culture, cultural competencies, nursing. The age of the searchable literature was limited to the period of publication of the articles from 2005-2019. Results: Based on the principle of the hierarchy of finding evidence, we have included 19 scientific articles in the final analysis according to the identified research goals. We divided the study findings into four categories and described them with 59 codes. Discussion and conclusion: Cross-cultural competences in health care is crucial as the world becomes more multicultural over the years. Nurses today face the new and complex challenges posed by the culturally diverse and dynamic world in which we live. There are many obstacles to culturally competent nursing care, including ethnocentric personal beliefs and attitudes, lack of education, lack of knowledge, poor or insufficient language skills, and reliance on the interpreter to convey health messages. Campinha-Bacote's cultural competency process model can help nurses address cultural issues related to a person's low health literacy. Increasing the level of cultural competence and providing culturally competent nursing care can improve the quality of nursing care and health outcomes. There is little research on the role of self-awareness in cultural competences. One of the most significant challenges in the literature on the cultural competence of healthcare professionals is the lack of solid empirical evidence on various aspects of cultural competence and its actual impact on patient health.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;competences;cultural competences;intercultural competences;nurses;health professionals;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 25 str.
ID: 11913499