Večstopenjsko odstranjevanje težkih kovin iz rečnih sedimentov

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Sandra Kopše (Author), Marjana Simonič (Mentor), Danijela Doberšek (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu je predstavljena tehnološka rešitev večstopenjskega odstranjevanja težkih kovin (cink, svinec in kadmij) iz rečnih sedimentov, ki se nalagajo v akumulacijskih jezerih HE na Dravi. Tehnološki proces je sestavljen iz priprave sedimenta, pranja sedimenta (fizikalno-kemijski postopek čiščenja) in čiščenja odpadne vode, ki nastane pri pranju sedimenta. Tako pripravljen (očiščen) sediment je primeren za nasipavanje stavbnih zemljišč in za nasipavanje območij mineralnih surovin za zapolnitev tal po izkopu. S pomočjo literature smo preučili različne načine pranja sedimenta in čiščenja odpadne vode, ki nastane pri procesu pranja sedimenta. Določili smo primerno topilo za ekstrakcijo kovin, analizirali vpliv velikosti delcev sedimenta na vsebnost težkih kovin in na učinkovitost odstranitve le-teh. Manjši in bolj fini delci vsebujejo več težkih kovin kot večji delci, zato smo večji del laboratorijskih eksperimentov izvajali na najmanjših delcih. Najboljši učinek odstranitve težkih kovin iz sedimenta smo dosegli s citronsko kislino pri 5-urnem mešanju 2 % suspenzije sedimenta. Za čiščenje odpadne vode po procesu pranja sedimenta smo se odločili za postopek adsorpcije kovinskih ionov na zeolit. Iz objavljenih člankov smo povzeli količino zeolita, potrebno za adsorpcijo kovinskih ionov, in učinek procesa odstranitve kovinskih ionov iz odpadne vode. Na podlagi dobljenih laboratorijskih rezultatov smo celoten proces čiščenja sedimenta prenesli še na aplikativni nivo, tako da smo izdelali tehnološki načrt čiščenja 100000 ton sedimenta na leto.

Keywords

sedimenti;kovine;citronska kislina;zeolit;ekonomska analiza;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[S. Kopše]
UDC:	666.123.4:502.51(285)(043.2)
COBISS:	29842179
Views:	417
Downloads:	0
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Multistage removal of heavy metals from contaminated river sediments
Secondary abstract:	In the diploma we present the technological solution to multistage removal of heavy metals (zinc, lead, cadmium) from the river sediments which are deposited in the accumulation lakes of the hydroelectric power plants on the river Drava. The technological process consists of preparation of the sediment, washing the sediment (physical-chemical process of sediment cleaning) and cleaning the by-product waste water. Such sediment is suitable for filling of building land and for filling the empty ground of the regions with mineral resources after extraction. With the help of existing literature, we studied different ways of washing the sediment and cleaning the waste water that is produced via the process of washing the sediment. We determined an appropriate solvent for heavy metal extraction, analysed the influence of the size of the particles in the sediment on the content of heavy metals in the efficacy of their removal. Smaller and finer particles contain more heavy metals than larger particles, therefore we performed more of our laboratory experiments on smaller particles. The process of removal of heavy metals from the sediment worked best with citric acid when we used it to wash the 2% sediment suspension for the duration of 5 hours. We decided on the process of adsorption of heavy metals to zeolite for cleaning the waste water. From the available literature we determined the amount of zeolite that’s needed for the adsorption of heavy metal ions and the efficacy of the said process on removal of heavy metal ions from the waste water. Through the synthesis of our research and laboratory experiments we produced a technological plan for cleaning 100000 tons of sediment per year.
Secondary keywords:	sediment;metals;citric acid;zeolite;economic analysis;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	2023-09-03
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	IX, 46 str.
ID:	11967374