Uporaba učinkovin iz izbranih vrst sadja v biomedicinske namene

magistrsko delo

Nika Kučuk (Author), Mateja Primožič (Mentor), Maja Leitgeb (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V magistrski nalogi smo proučevali pozitivne učinke učinkovin iz vzorcev, pridobljenih iz različnih delov šestih izbranih vrst sadja (granatno jabolko, mango, avokado, asimina, slive in češnje). Vzorce ekstraktov smo pridobili s pomočjo superkritične ekstrakcije, nekatere vzorce pa smo pridobili z liofilizacijo določenih delov sadežev. S pomočjo spektrofotometričnih metod smo določili vsebnost skupnih fenolov in proantocianidinov v vzorcih ter njihovo antioksidativno aktivnost. S pomočjo tekočinske kromatografije z masno spektrometrijo smo še določili vsebnost osmih izbranih fenolnih spojin. Določevanje antimikrobne učinkovitosti vzorcev smo proučevali z dvema različnima metodama. Najprej smo z disk difuzijsko metodo preverili potencialne inhibitorne lastnosti na 15 različnih mikroorganizmih, in sicer na 7 bakterijah in 8 glivah. Pri tem smo na podlagi velikosti cone inhibicije določili, kako učinkovita je bila inhibicija. Sledila je kvantitativna analiza z mikrodilucijsko metodo v bujonu za tiste ekstrahirane vzorce, ki so z disk difuzijsko metodo pokazali najboljše inhibitorne lastnosti. Le-to smo izvedli na izbranih Gram pozitivnih bakterijah Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus in Streptococcus pyogenes, na Gram negativnih bakterijah Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Pseudomonas fluorescens ter na kvasovki Candida albicans. S to metodo smo določevali minimalno inhibitorno koncentracijo izmed petih različnih testiranih koncentracij vzorcev in stopnjo inhibicije rasti posameznega mikroorganizma po določenem času. Rezultati so pri tem pokazali, da je vsebnost učinkovin, predvsem fenolnih spojin, v neužitnih ostankih sadežev, torej v olupkih in semenih, v večini primerov večja kot v mesu sadeža. Antibakterijske lastnosti je izkazovalo 11 izmed 14 testiranih vzorcev, antiglivne pa le 4 vzorci. Rezultati z mikrodilucijsko metodo so pokazali, da so na testirane vzorce bile najbolj občutljive bakterije P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, S. aureus in E. coli.

Keywords

polifenoli;antimikrobna aktivnost;inhibicija;ostanki sadežev;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Kučuk]
UDC:	547.56:615.281(043.2)
COBISS:	32131075
Views:	437
Downloads:	140
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Use of active ingredients from selected fruits for biomedical purposes
Secondary abstract:	In the master's thesis, we studied positive effects of active ingredients from samples obtained from different parts of six selected types of fruits (pomegranate, mango, avocado, pawpaw, plum and sweet cherry). Samples were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and by lyophilization of certain parts of fruits. The total phenolic content and proanthocyanidin content in the samples as well as their antioxidant activity were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The content of eight selected phenolic compounds was determined by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. We studied the determination of antimicrobial efficacy of samples by two different methods. First, the potential inhibitory properties of 15 different microorganisms, namely 7 bacteria and 8 fungi, were tested by disk diffusion method. Based on the size of the inhibition zone, we determined how effective the inhibition was. Quantitative analysis by microbroth dilution method for extracted samples that showed the best inhibitory properties by disk diffusion method followed. We carried out this method on selected Gram positive bacteria Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, on Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and on yeast Candida albicans. With the use of this method, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration among five different tested concentrations of samples and the rate of inhibition of growth of each microorganism after a certain time. The results demonstrated that the content of active ingredients, especially the content of phenolic compounds in inedible fruit residues, in peels and seeds, is in most cases higher than in the flesh of the fruit. 11 out of 14 tested samples showed antibacterial properties, and only 4 samples had antifungal properties. The results of microbroth dilution method indicated that P. aeruginosa, B. cereus, S. aureus and E. coli were the most sensitive bacteria to the tested samples.
Secondary keywords:	polyphenols;antimicrobial activity;inhibition;MIC;LC-MS/MS;fruit residues;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	XII, 100 str.
ID:	11988344