Demografska gibanja in vzdržna pokojninska reforma

magistrsko delo

Anton Rogina (Author), Mejra Festić (Mentor)

Abstract

V magistrskem delu predstavljamo demografska gibanja v Evropski uniji in Sloveniji ter analiziramo njihov vpliv pri sprejemanju pokojninskih reform v Sloveniji, katerih glavni namen je ohranjanje vzdržnosti pokojninskega sistema. Demografska gibanja se odražajo predvsem v podaljševanju pričakovanega trajanja življenja, kar neizogibno vodi do staranja prebivalstva. Ravno na omenjeno problematiko se osredotočamo v prvem sklopu magistrskega dela. V drugem sklopu pa se nato osredotočamo na predstavitev in opis pokojninskih sistemov na splošno ter ob tem še nekoliko podrobneje analiziramo pokojninski sistem in sprejete pokojninske reforme ter njihovo vzdržnost v Sloveniji. Ugotavljamo, da je za slovenski pokojninski sistem značilno, da temelji na medgeneracijski solidarnosti in da ga sestavljajo trije pokojninski stebri. Prvi pokojninski steber predstavlja obvezno pokojninsko in invalidsko zavarovanje, drugi steber dodatno pokojninsko zavarovanje in tretji steber razne oblike varčevanj za starost. Staranje prebivalstva povečuje javnofinančne izdatke, kar v ospredje postavlja izziv (dolgoročne) vzdržnosti pokojninskega sistema oziroma vzdržnosti samih pokojninskih reform. Tega so se odgovorni pri nas dobro zavedali in kmalu po osamosvojitvi so sprejeli prvo pokojninsko reformo ZPIZ (1992). Od takrat je prišlo do sprejetja še dveh pokojninskih reform, in sicer ZPIZ-1 (1999) ter ZPIZ-2 (2012). Podatki sicer kažejo, da je proces staranja prebivalstva v Sloveniji v zadnjih letih še posebej akuten, tako da bodo potrebne ponovne spremembe v okviru pokojninskega sistema v obliki nove pokojninske reforme, saj zadnja pokojninska reforma, sprejeta leta 2012, kmalu več ne bo učinkovala.

Keywords

demografska gibanja;staranje prebivalstva;pokojninski sistemi;pokojninska reforma;Evropska unija;Slovenija;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2021
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM EPF - Faculty of Economics and Business
Publisher:	A. Rogina
UDC:	336.55:368.914
COBISS:	59432195
Views:	522
Downloads:	104
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Demographic trends and sustainable pension reform
Secondary abstract:	In the following master's thesis demographic trends in the European Union and Slovenia are presented together with the analyses of their impact on the adoption of pension reforms in Slovenia, the main purpose of which is to maintain the sustainability of the pension system. Demographic trends are mainly reflected in the increase in life expectancy, which inevitably leads to a population ageing. We focus on this issue in the first part of the master’s thesis. In the second part, we then focus on the presentation and description of pension systems in general, and at the same time we analyse the pension system and the passed pension reforms and their sustainability in Slovenia in a slightly more detailed way. It was established that the Slovenian pension system is based on intergenerational solidarity and that it consists of three pension pillars. The first pillar represents compulsory pension and disability insurance, the second pillar supplementary pension insurance and the third pillar various forms of old-age savings. The population ageing increases public expenditures, which brings to the fore of challenge of (long-term) sustainability of the pension system or the sustainability of pension reforms themselves. Those responsible in our country were well aware of this and soon after independence they passed the first pension reform ZPIZ (1992). Since then, two more pension reforms have been passed, namely ZPIZ-1 (1999) and ZPIZ-2 (2012). What is shown by the data is that the population ageing process in Slovenia has been particularly acute in recent years, so that new changes will be needed within the pension system in the form of a new pension reform, as the last pension reform, passes in 2012, will soon have no effect.
Secondary keywords:	demographic trends;population ageing;European Union;Slovenia;pension system;pension reform.;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Pages:	III, 94 str.
ID:	12309413