Laboratorijsko preučevanje učinkovitosti parazitske ogorčice Phasmarhabditis papillosa (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) za zatiranje lazarjev (Arion spp., Gastropoda, Arionidae)

magistrsko delo

Eva Metelko (Author), Žiga Laznik (Mentor)

Abstract

Polži predstavljajo gospodarsko pomembne škodljivce v kmetijstvu, saj s svojim hranjenjem poškodujejo dele rastlin in tako posledično vplivajo na zmanjšan pridelek, okrasno in tržno vrednost rastlin, ter povečajo tveganje za okužbo z mikroorganizmi. V Sloveniji je poznanih 10 vrst polžev iz družine Arionidae, od tega je kar 8 vrst gospodarsko pomembnih. Za zatiranje polžev se uporabljajo razne ne-kemijske prakse, limacidi na podlagi železovega (III) fosfata in metaldehida ter biotično varstvo s parazitsko ogorčico Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita. Slednja se v ta namen v tujini uporablja že več let, v Sloveniji pa je še vedno na seznamu tujerodnih organizmov, kar prepoveduje njeno uporabo. Leta 2018 so slovenski raziskovalci potrdili zastopanost njene sorodnice, parazitsko ogorčico Phasmarhabditis papillosa. V magistrski nalogi smo preučevali učinkovitost ogorčice P. papillosa na hranjenje in smrtnost polžev iz družine lazarjev (Arionidae) pri različnih temperaturah (15 in 20 °C) in pri različnih koncentracijah suspenzije ogorčic (0, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 IL/polža). Rezultati so obetavni in kažejo na potencial ogorčice P. papillosa pri zatiranju lazarjev. Njena učinkovitost je močno odvisna od koncentracije suspenzije ogorčic, temperature, časa izpostavljenosti polžev ogorčicam in interakcije teh treh dejavnikov. Največji vpliv gre pripisati temperaturi - višja kot je bila (20 °C) prej so polži prenehali s hranjenjem in poginili. Velik poudarek je tudi na interakciji dejavnikov, saj je koncentracija vplivala na polže zgolj pri višji temperaturi (20 °C). Prav tako ni bilo razlik v učinkovitosti ogorčice med najvišjo (500 IL/polža) in najnižjo (10 IL/polža) koncentracijo, pri temperaturi 20 °C. Posebnost okuženih polžev je bila v njihovem zvijanju za 360° okoli svoje osi in v plašču, ki je uplahnil.

Keywords

laboratorijski poskus;polži;Arionidae;biotično varstvo;parazitska ogorčica polžev;Phasmarhabditis papillosa;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2021
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[E. Metelko]
UDC:	635.95:594.3:632.937.1.01:595.161(043.2)
COBISS:	62957827
Views:	360
Downloads:	96
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Laboratory investigation on efficacy of slug parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis papillosa (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) against slugs from Arionidae familiy (Arion spp., Gastropoda, Arionidae)
Secondary abstract:	Slugs are economically important pests in agriculture, as their feeding damages parts of plants and consequently affects the reduced yield, ornamental and market value of plants, and increases the risk of infection with microorganisms. There are 10 species of slugs from the Arionidae family known in Slovenia, of which as many as 8 species are economically important. Various non-chemical practices, molluscicides based on iron (III) phosphate and metaldehyde, and biological control with the parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita are used to control slugs. Abroad, the latter has been used for this purpose for several years, but in Slovenia it is still on the list of non-native organisms, which prohibits its use. In 2018, Slovenian researchers confirmed the representation of its relative, the parasitic nematode Phasmarhabditis papillosa. In this study, the effectiveness of the P. papillosa on feeding and mortality of slugs from the Arionidae family at different temperatures (15 and 20 °C) and at different concentrations of nematode suspension were evaluated. The results are promising and indicate the potential of P. papillosa in suppressing slugs from Arionidae family. The temperature shows the biggest impact – the higher the temperature (20 °C) the sooner the slugs stopped feeding and died. There is also a strong emphasis on the interaction of the factors, as the concentration affected the slugs only at a higher temperature (20 °C). At 20 °C there were also no differences in nematode efficacy between the highest (500 IL/slug) and lowest (10 IL/slug) concentration. The peculiarity of the infected slug was in their 360° twisting around their axis and in the mantle that collapsed.
Secondary keywords:	laboratory experiment;slugs;biological control;slug parasitic nematode;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages:	VIII, 37 f.
ID:	12875064