diplomsko delo
Manca Janežič (Author), Sanja Berčnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Na začetku diplomskega dela je opredeljena vzgoja, ki je širok pojem in zajema mišljenje, ravnanje, metode in oblike dela ter se povezuje z različnimi področji človekovega razvoja. Sledi ji opredelitev moralne vzgoje, ki je odvisna od področja, s katerim se ukvarjamo in v katerem delujemo. Največkrat zajema otrokovo aktivno učenje pravilnega in nepravilnega ravnanja na podlagi družbenih norm, vrednot, prepričanj itn., vendar mora te kot aktivni avtonomni subjekt kritično reflektirati. Predstavnika, ki sta najbolj vplivala na vzgojne in moralne strategije, sta Piaget in Kohlberg. Kohlberg moralni razvoj razdeli na tri usmeritve, predkonvencionalno, konvencionalno in postkonvencionalno. Vsako od teh razdeli še na dve stopnji. Otrokov moralni razvoj se začne že zgodaj, zunanje okolje ter ljudje, ki ga obdajajo, imajo nanj zelo velik vpliv. Pomembnost prosocialnega vedenja je bistvena za človeka kot družbeno bitje, saj zajema pozitivno vedenje ljudi v socialnem okolju in ne koristi samo posamezniku, ampak tudi drugim. Vloga odraslega pri vzgoji, tako moralni kot prosocialni, je pomembna od samega začetka, saj je otrok ob rojstvu popolnoma odvisen od odrasle osebe in ne zna poskrbeti zase. Zavedati se moramo, da je vsak individuum drugačen in moramo vsakega otroka posebej pripoznati in ugotoviti, kaj mu ustreza. Otrok se mora v svojem domu počutiti varnega in sprejetega, če želimo, da so družbeni procesi, kot so vzgoja, socializacija, kultivacija itd., uspešni. Otrok venomer spremlja dejanja staršev in njihove odzive na njegova dejanja, torej so starši prvi otrokov zgled. Pri vsem tem je pomembno, da znamo uporabiti pedagoške strategije, ki ustrezajo razvoju moralnosti. V predšolskem obdobju je najprimernejša strategija posredovanja vsebine preko pripovedi. Mednarodna raziskava je pokazala, da učitelji največkrat uporabljajo strategijo aktivnega učenja, ta je osredotočena na, vključujejo tudi igro vlog, praktične družbene dejavnosti, kooperativno učenje itd. Teme pa se nanašajo na medkulturno vzgojo, državljanstvo, demokracijo itd. Tematike in strategije se ujemajo tudi z načeli kurikula za vrtce, torej je naš dokument naravnan oziroma ima osnove za razvoj moralnosti pri otrocih.

Keywords

vloga vzgojiteljev;moralna vzgoja;moralni razvoj;prosocialni razvoj;profesionalni razvoj;vloga odraslega;predšolska vzgoja;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [M. Janežič]
UDC: 373.2:17.022.1(043.2)
COBISS: 77469187 Link will open in a new window
Views: 147
Downloads: 17
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: The role of educator in encouraging child's moral development
Secondary abstract: The diploma paper first defines education, a broad term that includes mindset, handling, methods, and forms of work. Education is linked with different areas of human development. Following is a definition of moral education, which depends on the area we address and operate in. Moral education most often encompasses a child's active learning of right and wrong behavior based on social norms, values, convictions, etc. Still, as an active autonomous subject, the child needs to express them critically. Individuals with the strongest influence on educational and moral strategies are Piaget and Kohlberg. The latter divides moral development into three levels: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. Each of those is further divided into two levels. A child's moral development begins very early with a strong influence of the environment and the people surrounding him. The importance of pro-social behavior is critical for a human as a social being. It includes positive behavior in a social setting that benefits not only the individual but also others. The role of adults in education, both moral and pro-social, is crucial from the very beginning because, at birth, children are entirely dependent on them. Since each individual is different, we need to know each child and figure out what they want. If we want social processes such as education, socialization, and cultivation, to be successful, children have to feel safe and accepted in their homes. A child closely monitors parents' acts and responses, making them his first example. It is important to use pedagogical strategies fitting the development of morale. In a pre-school period, the most appropriate method is narration. International research showed that teachers most often use active teaching as well as role-play, practical social activities, cooperative learning. The topics include intercultural education, citizenship, democracy, and others. Topics and strategies are aligned with the kindergarten curriculum; therefore, our document sets the foundations for developing morality in children.
Secondary keywords: nursery school;vrtec;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Predšolska vzgoja
Pages: 57 f.
ID: 13380711