Odpadni zeleni listi kulturnih rastlin kot trajnostni vir beljakovin

diplomsko delo

Nika Rejec (Author), Polona Jamnik (Reviewer), Iztok Prislan (Mentor)

Abstract

Tekom proizvodnje hrane je zavržena ogromna količina odpadnih delov živil. Slednji lahko predstavljajo izkoristljiv in hranilno bogat vir surovine za izdelavo novih živilskih produktov. Cilj trajnostne pridelave živil je zmanjšati količino zavržene hrane, predvsem užitnega in izogibnega dela odpadkov, ter povečati izkoristek zelene biomase. Vse večje potrebe po beljakovinah so posledica naraščanja prebivalstva in spremenjenih potrošniških navad, ki vse bolj stremijo k beljakovinam rastlinskega izvora. Potencialna alternativa živalskim beljakovinam so odpadni zeleni listi kulturnih rastlin, ki predstavljajo bogat vir rastlinskih beljakovin. Z nadomeščanjem živalskih beljakovin z rastlinskimi pripomoremo tudi k ohranjanju okolja. Najbolj zastopana beljakovina v rastlinah je fotosintetski encim ribuloza-1,5-bifosfat-karboksilaza/oksigenaza oziroma RuBisCO, ki predstavlja 50 % vseh beljakovin v zelenih listih. Gre za kakovostno beljakovino, ki je bogata z esencialnimi aminokislinami in ima odlične tehnološke predispozicije. Predstavlja bogat vir bioaktivnih peptidov, ki imajo številne pozitivne učinke na zdravje. RuBisCO je lahko nadomestek mlečnih izdelkov v slaščičarstvu, komponenta mesnih nadomestkov zaradi sposobnosti tvorbe dolgih vlaken, ki dajejo občutek teksture mesa in dodatek dietnim živilom, saj je hitro prebavljiv in ima posledično nizko alergenost.

Keywords

beljakovine;zeleni listi;odpadki;RuBisCO;ekstrakcija;tehnološke lastnosti;hranilna vrednost;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2021
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[N. Rejec]
UDC:	628.477.2:613.398
COBISS:	76333059
Views:	225
Downloads:	26
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Green waste leaves of cultivated plants as a sustainable protein source
Secondary abstract:	During food production, a huge amount of food waste is discarded. Waste can be usable and nutrient-rich source of raw material for the manufacture of new food products. Sustainable food production aims to reduce food waste, especially the edible and avoidable part of waste, and to increase the yield of green biomass. The increasing demand for protein is due to growth of the world population and changed consumption habits, which are increasingly inclined towards plant-based proteins. A potential alternative to animal protein is the green waste leaves of cultivated plants, which are a rich source of plant protein. Replacing animal protein with plant protein also helps to preserve the environment. The most abundant protein in plants is the photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, also called RuBisCO, which accounts for 50 % of the total protein in green leaves. It is a high-quality protein, rich in essential amino acids, with excellent techno-functional properties. It is also a rich source of bioactive peptides that can have many health benefits. RuBisCO can be used as a dairy substitute in confectionery, as a component of meat substitutes due to its ability to form long fibers which simulate the texture of meat, and as an additive to dietary food products due to its rapid digestibility and low allergenicity.
Secondary keywords:	proteins;green leaves;waste;RuBisCO;extraction;technological properties;nutritional value;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo
Pages:	VI, 23 f.
ID:	13403726