Andrej Androjna (Author), Marko Perkovič (Author), Ivica Pavic (Author), Jakša Mišković (Author)

Abstract

This paper takes a close look at the landscape of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) as a major source of information for maritime situational awareness (MSA) and identifies its vulnerabilities and challenges for safe navigation and shipping. As an important subset of cyber threats affecting many maritime systems, the AIS is subject to problems of tampering and reliability; indeed, the messages received may be inadvertently false, jammed, or intentionally spoofed. A systematic literature review was conducted for this article, complemented by a case study of a specific spoofing event near Elba in December 2019, which confirmed that the typical maritime AIS could be easily spoofed and generate erroneous position information. This intentional spoofing has affected navigation in international waters and passage through territorial waters. The maritime industry is neither immune to cyberattacks nor fully prepared for the risks associated with the use of modern digital systems. Maintaining seaworthiness in the face of the impact of digital technologies requires a robust cybersecurity framework.

Keywords

AIS;sistemi za avtomatsko prepoznavanje;kibernetska varnost;zaznavanje anomalij;varnost plovbe;lažna prikazovanja;Automatic Identification System;cybersecurity;anomaly detection;spoofing;maritime situational awareness;safety of navigation;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization: UL FPP - Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport
UDC: 656.6:004.056
COBISS: 69578499 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 2076-3417
Views: 128
Downloads: 36
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: AIS;sistemi za avtomatsko prepoznavanje;kibernetska varnost;zaznavanje anomalij;varnost plovbe;lažna prikazovanja;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (25 str.))
Volume: ǂno. ǂ11
Issue: 6825
Chronology: 2021
DOI: 10.3390/app11115015
ID: 14751379