Špela Konjar (Author), Miha Pavšič (Author), Marc Veldhoen (Author)

Abstract

The unique biology of the intestinal epithelial barrier is linked to a low baseline oxygen pressure (pO$_2$), characterised by a high rate of metabolites circulating through the intestinal blood and the presence of a steep oxygen gradient across the epithelial surface. These characteristics require tight regulation of oxygen homeostasis, achieved in part by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-dependent signalling. Furthermore, intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) possess metabolic identities that are reflected in changes in mitochondrial function. In recent years, it has become widely accepted that oxygen metabolism is key to homeostasis at the mucosae. In addition, the gut has a vast and diverse microbial population, the microbiota. Microbiome–gut communication represents a dynamic exchange of mediators produced by bacterial and intestinal metabolism. The microbiome contributes to the maintenance of the hypoxic environment, which is critical for nutrient absorption, intestinal barrier function, and innate and/or adaptive immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we focus on oxygen homeostasis at the epithelial barrier site, how it is regulated by hypoxia and the microbiome, and how oxygen homeostasis at the epithelium is regulated in health and disease.

Keywords

kisik;mitohondriji;hipoksija;mikrobiota;bolezni črevesja;oxygen;mitochondria;hypoxia;microbiota;IBD;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
Organization: UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
UDC: 577.2:616.34
COBISS: 74311427 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 1422-0067
Views: 132
Downloads: 49
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: kisik;mitohondriji;hipoksija;mikrobiota;bolezni črevesja;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: str. 1-15
Volume: ǂVol. ǂ22
Issue: ǂiss. ǂ17
Chronology: Sep. 2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179170
ID: 14808617