Motnje spanja vedenjsko zahtevnih otrok

diplomsko delo

Urška Murn (Author), Andreja Kvas (Reviewer), Marija Milavec Kapun (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Vedenjsko zahtevne otroke srečamo tako v domačem okolju, kot tudi v šoli, kjer se največkrat izrazi kot psihomotorični nemir, impulzivnost in težave pri vzdrževanju pozornosti. To so tudi glavni trije simptomi hiperkinetične motnje. Kljub temu, da so psihosocialne in nevrokognitivne motnje pri vedenjsko zahtevnih otrocih dobro raziskane, je malo pozornosti namenjeno komorbidnim zdravstvenim težavam, kot so motnje spanja. Namen: Namen raziskave je proučiti prisotnost težav s spanjem pri otrocih, ki so vedenjsko zahtevni oziroma imajo diagnozo hiperkinetične motnje ali katero drugo vedenjsko in čustveno motnjo. Zanima nas pogostost težav, higiena spanja otrok ter dejavniki, ki vplivajo na težave s spanjem. Metode dela: Uporabili smo empirično metodo z uporabo anketnega vprašalnika, sestavljenega iz več sklopov. Glavni del je bil standardiziran Kratek vprašalnik o spalnih navadah otrok. Na strokovnem srečanju za starše otrok z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti, ki ga je organiziral zavod Mavrični Bojevniki, smo anketirali starše otrok, starih med tremi in sedemnajstimi leti. Izpolnjenih je bilo skupno 66 anketnih vprašalnikov. Rezultati: Po navedbah anketiranih staršev je bila pri skoraj polovici otrok postavljena diagnoza hiperkinetične motnje. Skupno število točk doseženih z izpolnjevanjem vprašalnika je bilo nižje od točke preloma, kar pomeni da otroci nimajo težav s spanjem. Četrtina otrok je imela seštevek točk višji, kar nakazuje na težave s spanjem. Po oceni anketiranih staršev je največ otrok med spanjem nemirnih, čez dan so bolj utrujeni, potrebujejo poseben predmet da zaspijo, se bojijo spati v temi, se ponoči zbudijo, se upirajo odhodu v posteljo ter potrebujejo starša, da lahko zaspijo. Razprava in zaključek: Posamezna težava s spanjem se opredeli kot težava pri spanju že, če se ponovi več kot dvakrat tedensko, kar močno zviša delež otrok, ki imajo težave s spanjem na vsaj enem področju. Rezultati naše raziskave so primerljivi z rezultati drugih raziskav. Slaba higiena spanja vodi do motenj spanja, te vplivajo na slabše dnevno delovanje otrok, kombinacija slabe higiene spanja z motnjami spanja pa poslabšajo simptomatiko hiperkinetične motnje ter obratno. Pomembno vlogo pri preprečevanju težav s spanjem imajo medicinske sestre saj pri svojem delu izvajajo zdravstveno vzgojo staršev in otrok.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;hiperkinetična motnja;higiena spanja;preventivna zdravstvena dejavnost;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher:	[U. Murn]
UDC:	616-083
COBISS:	108688131
Views:	127
Downloads:	43
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Sleep disorder among children with behavior problems
Secondary abstract:	Introduction: Children with behaviours problems are encountered both, in the home environment and at school, where psychomotor restlessness, impulsivity, and difficulty in maintaining attention are most often expressed. These are the three main symptoms of hyperkinetic disorder. Although psychosocial and neurocognitive disorders in behaviourally difficult children are well researched, little attention has been paid to comorbid health problems such as sleep disorders. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the presence of sleep problems in children who are behaviourally difficult, have a diagnosis of a hyperkinetic disorder, or some other behavioural or emotional disorder. We were interested in the frequency of problems, children's sleep hygiene, and the factors that influence sleep problems. Methods: We made research with the use of a questionnaire consisting of several parts. The main part was a standardized Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire – Abbreviated. At the workshop for parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, organized by the association Mavrični Bojevniki, we surveyed parents of children aged between three and seventeen years. A total of 66 questionnaires were completed. Results: Almost half of the children had been diagnosed with the hyperkinetic disorder, according to their parents' reports. The total score of points on the questionnaire was lower than the cut-off, which indicates sleep disorders. A quarter of the children scored higher than average, indicating sleep problems. Children tend to wake up at night, resist going to bed, and have restless sleep during the night. Children also appear tired during the day, need a particular object to fall asleep, must sleep in the dark, are afraid to go to sleep, and need parents to fall asleep. Discussion and conclusion: Each problem with sleeping is considered a sleep problem if it occurs twice a week or more, which greatly increases the proportion of children who have trouble sleeping in at least one area. Studies conducted in other countries have similar results. It is well known that poor sleep hygiene contributes to sleep disorders, which negatively affect the functioning of children, and the combination of poor sleep hygiene and sleep disorders aggravates symptoms of hyperkinetic disorders. Nurses have an important role in preventing sleep disorders, as they provide health education to parents and children as part of their work.
Secondary keywords:	diploma theses;nursing care;hyperkinetic disorder;sleep hygiene;preventive health care;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages:	37 str., [7] str. pril.
ID:	15377193