Polimerizacija terpenov v koloidnih prekurzorjih

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Nika Skušek (Author), Peter Krajnc (Mentor), Stanko Kramer (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Naravni polimeri v vse večji meri nadomeščajo sintetične ekvivalente iz fosilnih goriv. Za njihovo sintezo se med drugim uporabljajo terpeni, ki so široko dostopni kot stranski produkti pri predelavi citrusov. Polimeri sintetizirani iz le-teh imajo nizko toksičnost in so potencialno biorazgradljivi, zato se intenzivno raziskujejo kot prekurzorji za razvoj trajnostnih polimerov. V diplomskem delu smo z uporabo emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze, t.i. HIPE, sintetizirali porozne poliHIPE materiale na osnovi izbranih terpenov, tj. limonena in mircena. Pripravili smo kopolimere različnih razmerij terpena proti akrilatu (1:1, 1:3 in 3:1), pri čemer smo kot drugi monomer v organski fazi uporabili trimetilolpropan triakrilat (TMPTA) ob dodatku surfaktanta Hypermer B246, iniciatorja AIBN in toluena. Poleg tega smo glede na celotni volumen emulzije dodali 80 vol.% vodne faze. Na podlagi različnih razmerij smo ugotavljali vključenost terpena v polimeru in opazovali vpliv na morfologijo ter poroznost. Vzorce smo očistili v Soxhletovem aparatu in karakterizirali z različnimi metodami. Kemijsko sestavo smo preverili z elementno analizo, iz dobljenih vrednosti smo izračunali vključenost terpena v našem vzorcu. Z elektronsko vrstično mikroskopijo (SEM) smo preverili ali imajo vzorci ustrezno, za poliHIPE značilno, porozno strukturo sestavljeno iz primarnih in sekundarnih por, ki smo jih tudi izmerili. Po metodi BET smo izmerili specifične površine, določili smo še celokupno in skeletno gostoto iz katere smo izračunali poroznost. Nenazadnje pa smo posneli FTIR spektre s katerimi smo se prepričali o uspešnosti sinteze.

Keywords

poliHIPE;terpeni;naravni polimeri;kopolimeri;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Skušek]
UDC:	547.597(043.2)
COBISS:	119916803
Views:	25
Downloads:	9
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Polymerization of terpenes in colloidal precursors
Secondary abstract:	Natural polymers are increasingly replacing synthetic equivalents from fossil fuels. An example of monomers that can be used for the synthesis of natural polymers are terpenes. Terpenes are widely available as by-products in the processing of citrus fruits. The polymers synthesized from terpenes have low toxicity and are potentially biodegradable, which is why they are intensively researched as precursors for the development of sustainable polymers. In this thesis high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) were used to synthesize porous polyHIPE materials, based on different terpenes, namely limonene and myrcene. The copolymers were prepared with different terpene to acrylate ratios (1:1, 1:3 and 3:1) by using an acrylate as the second monomer in the organic phase with the addition of the surfactant Hypermer B246, the initiator AIBN and the solvent toluene. The water phase comprised 80 vol.% of the emulsion. Based on the different monomer ratios the inclusion of the terpenes into the polymer matrix was determined and its influence on the morphology and porosity was investigated. The samples were purified in a Soxhlet apparatus and characterized by using different methods. Elemental analysis was used to determine the chemical composition. The obtained values were used to calculate the terpene content in the samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine whether the synthesized samples had a typical polyHIPE morphology consisting of primary and secondary pores. The specific surface area was determined by using the BET method, while the porosity of the samples was obtained by using helium pycnometry. Lastly, FTIR spectra were recorded to confirm the successfulness of the synthesis.
Secondary keywords:	polyHIPE;terpenes;natural polymers;HIPE;copolymers;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, 30 f.))
ID:	16142465