diplomsko delo
Larisa Hankić (Author), Sara Lorenci (Author), Damijan Škrk (Reviewer), Nejc Mekiš (Mentor), Sašo Arnuga (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Rentgensko slikanje je najpogosteje uporabljena medicinska metoda slikanja. Slikanje prsnih organov je ena najpogostejših preiskav v splošni radiografiji. Zaradi pogoste izvedbe je tudi ena najbolj dozno obremenjujočih. Posebej pogosti postopki so rentgenski posnetki prsnega koša v postelji, kjer se slikanje izvaja v ležečem položaju s slikovnim sprejemnikom neposredno pod pacientom. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti razlike v doznih obremenitvah (DAP, efektivna doza, doza na organe, EI) in kakovosti slike pri slikanju prsnih organov leže, z uporabo različnih ekspozicijskih pogojev ter spreminjanjem položaja slikovnega sprejemnika. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo smo naredili s pregledom obstoječe literature in eksperimentalnim delom. Eksperimentalni del smo izvedli s pomočjo antropomorfnega fantoma PBU 60 in rentgenskim aparatom Multix/Vertix proizvajalca Siemens, na Zdravstveni fakulteti. Uporabili smo DR in CR sistema. Opravili smo 210 slikanj prsnih organov, pri katerih smo uporabili ekspozicijske pogoje od 81 do 90 kV ter od 0,50 do 1,0 mAs. RGO je bila pri vseh položajih SS 82 cm. Vstop centralnega žarka je potekal v anteroposteriorni smeri. Pri posameznih meritvah smo opazovali DAP vrednost ter ekspozicijski indeks. Kasneje smo izračunali še efektivno dozo, SNR ter CNR vrednost. Rezultati: Na podlagi rezultatov smo ugotovili, da tako kot pri DR, kot tudi pri CR sistemu obstajajo statistično značilne razlike v ekspozicijskem indeksu. Pri DR sistemu obstajajo statistične razlike med P1 (položaj slikovnega sprejemnika pod fantomom) in P3 (položaj slikovnega sprejemnika pod mizo) (p < 0,001). Razlika v povprečju je znašala 100,15 (48,77 %). Pri CR sistemu pa smo ugotovili, da obstajajo statistično značilne razlike pri vseh položajih. Največja razlika v povprečju je bila med P1 in P3, 138,59 (64,77 %). Pri DAP vrednosti in efektivni dozi ni bilo statistično značilnih razlik med DR in CR sistemom. Za vrednosti CNR pri DR sistemu so statistično značilne razlike med P1 in P2 (položaj slikovnega sprejemnika pod podlogo) ter med P1 in P3 . Največja razlika v povprečju je med P1 in P2 4,01 dB (12,96 %). Pri CR sistemu so statistično značilne razlike med P1 in P3 ter med P2 in P3. Največja razlika v povprečju je med P2 in P3 1,28 dB (4,22 %). Pri DR sistemu obstajajo statistično značilne razlike v SNR vrednostih med P1 in P2 ter med P1 in P3. Največja razlika v povprečju je med P1 in P2 4,6 dB (13,91 %). Pri CR sistemu, pa obstajajo statistično značilne razlike med P2 in P3 ter med P1 in P3. Največja razlika v povprečju je bila med P1 in P3 0,99 dB (3,04 %). Razprava in zaključek: Dokazali smo, da na vrednost ekspozicijskega indeksa ter na kakovost slike vpliva spremenjen položaj slikovnega sprejemnika in spremenjeni ekspozicijski pogoji, medtem ko na DAP vrednost položaj slikovnega sprejemnika nima vpliva. Na DAP vrednost smo vplivali le s spremembo ekspozicijskih pogojev.

Keywords

diplomska dela;radiološka tehnologija;prsni organi;rentgensko slikanje;AP;doza;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [L. Hankić
UDC: 616-07
COBISS: 121520131 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Supine chest radiography
Secondary abstract: Introduction: X-ray imaging is the most commonly used medical imaging method. Chest imaging is one of the most common examinations in general radiography. Due to its frequent performances it is also one of the most dose-loading. Particularly common procedures are chest X-rays in bed, where imaging is performed in a supine position with an image detector directly below the patient. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to determine the differences in dose loads (DAP, effective dose, dose to organs, EI) and image quality when imaging the thoracic organs lying down, using different exposure conditions and changing the position of the image detector. Methods: We did our diploma work with a review of existing literature and experimental work. The experimental part was performed on a anthropomorphic phantom PBU 60 and a Multix / Vertix X-ray machine manufactured by Siemens, at the Faculty of Medicine. We used DR and CR systems. We performed 210 chest organ imaging, using exposure conditions ranging from 81 to 90 Kv and from 0.50 to 1.0 mAs. The RGO was 82 cm in all SS positions. The phantom was placed in the AP projection. The DAP value and the exposure index were observed for individual measurements. Later, trough programs, we also calculated the effective dose, SNR and CNR value. Results: Based on the results, we found that both in the DR and in the CR system, there are statistically significant differences in the exposure index. In the DR system, there are statistical differences between P1 (position of the image receiver under the phantom) and P3 (position of the image receiver under the table) (p <0.001). the difference averaged 100.15 (48.77%). In the CR system, however, we found that there were statistically significant differences in all positions. The largest difference on average was between P1 and P3, 138.59 (64.77%). There were no significant statistical differences between the DAP value and the effective dose in the DR and CR systems. Differences between P1 and P2 and between P1 and P3 are statistically significant for the CNR values of the DR system. The largest average difference between P1 and P2 (position of the image receiver under the lining) is 4.01 dB (12.96%). With the CR system, there are statististically significant differences between P1 and P3 and between P2 and P3. The largest average difference between P2 and P3 is 1.28 Db (4.22%). With the DR system, there are statistically significant differences in SNR values between P1 and P2 and between P1 and P3. The largest average difference between P1 and P2 is 4.6 Db (13.91%). In the case of the CR system, there are statistically significant differences between P2 and P3 and between P1 and P3. The largest average difference was between P1 and P3 of 0.99 dB (3.04%). Discussion and conclusion: We proved that the value of the exposure index and the image quality are affected by the changed position of the image receiver and the changed exposure conditions, while the DAP value is not affected by the position of the image receiver. The DAP value was influenced only by changing the exposure conditions.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;radiologic technology;thoracic organs;X-ray;AP;dose;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo
Pages: 36 str.
ID: 16458534