magistrsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Standardno slikanje prsnih organov, je najbolj pogosta preiskava v splošni radiologiji. Pri slikanju prsnih organov obsevamo veliko površino telesa. Iz tega izhaja, da ob morebitnem ponavljanju preiskave pride do dodatne sevalne obremenitve. Postavitev in omejevanje vidnega polja je zato še posebej pomembna. Namen: Namen magistrskega dela je bil izboljšanje postavitev in zaslanjanje rentgenskega snopa s pomočjo orientacijskih točk na telesu. S tem lahko zmanjšamo obsevalno polje in hkrati zmanjšamo število neuspelih posnetkov. Metode dela: V raziskavi smo obravnavali 4 orientacijske točke in 6 tarčnih struktur. Na 2544 rentgenogramih prsnih organov v posteriorno anteriorni projekciji smo meritve neodvisno opravili trije inženirji. Beležili smo relativne pozicije točk na rentgenogramih, ki smo jih kasneje pretvorili v relativne razdalje med njimi. Razdalje so bile popravljene za oddaljenost 5 cm od detektorja. Rezultati: Ker so nam relativne pozicije točk dale zelo veliko bazo podatkov se v rezultatih nismo omejili samo na ključna vprašanja, ampak smo izmerili veliko relativnih razdalj. Tako smo dobili statistiko lege pljuč glede na skelet prsnega koša. Relativna pozicija pljuč glede na skelet nam omogoča zaslanjanje in centriranje s pomočjo orientacijskih točk. V 95 % so se pljučni apeksi nahajali 1,2 cm pod trnom 7 cervikalnega vretenca in 3,1 cm nad akromio klavikularnima sklepoma. Če želimo prikazati celotna pljuča z zadnjimi frenikokostalnimi sinusi, moramo centralni žarek nastaviti 3,5 cm kavdalno od trna Th7 oziroma za 1,1 cm kavdalno od trna Th7, če želimo prikazati pljuča do sprednjih frenikokostalnih sinusov. Širina pljuč skoraj vedno zahteva horizontalno lego slikovnega sprejemnika. Razprava in zaključek: Večina literature omenja center slike pri Th7. Z raziskavo smo dokazali, da je optimalni center nižje. Prav tako smo bolje definirali optimalni rob slike oziroma velikost pljuč s pomočjo skeleta. Upoštevanje centra slikanja in zgornjega roba pljuč lahko zmanjša dozo na pacienta ter število ponovitev slikanj.
Ključne besede
magistrska dela;radiološka tehnologija;centriranje;prsni organi;orientacijske točke;Th7;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2021 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[S. Muc] |
UDK: |
616-07 |
COBISS: |
66668547
|
Št. ogledov: |
316 |
Št. prenosov: |
59 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Orientation points on chest radiograms in posterio anterior projection |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: Standard chest imaging is the most common examination in general radiology. When imaging the thoracic organs, we irradiate a large area of the body. It follows that a possible additional radiation exposure occurs if the investigation is repeated. The placement and delimitation of the field of view are therefore particularly important here. Purpose: The purpose of the master's thesis was to improve the placement and screening of the X-ray beam with the help of orientation points on the body. This can reduce the radiation field and at the same time reduce the number of failed exposures. Methods of work: In the research, we considered 4 orientation points and 6 target structures. On 2544 chest radiographs in posterior-anterior projection, three engineers performed measurements independently. We recorded the relative positions of the points on the radiographs, which we later converted into relative distances between them. The distances were corrected for a distance of 5 cm from the detector. Results: Because the relative positions of the points gave us a very large database, we did not limit ourselves to the key questions in the results, but we measured many relative distances. Thus, we obtained statistics of the position of the lungs with respect to the skeleton of the thorax. The relative position of the lungs relative to the skeleton allows us to screen and center with the help of orientation points. In 95% of cases, the pulmonary apexes were located 1.2 cm below the mandrel 7 of the cervical vertebra and 3.1 cm above the acromioclavicular joints. If we want to show the entire lung with the posterior phrenicocostal sinuses, the central beam must be set 3.5 cm caudally from the Th7 mandrel or 1.1 cm caudally from the Th7 mandrel if we want to show the lungs to the anterior phrenicocostal sinuses. The width of the lungs almost always requires a horizontal position of the image receiver. Discussion and Conclusion: Most of the literature mentions the image center at Th7. Through research, we have proven that the optimal center is lower. We also better defined the optimal edge of the image or the size of the lungs with the help of a skeleton. Adherence to the imaging center and the upper edge of the lungs may reduce the dose per patient and the number of repetitions of imaging. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
master's theses;radiologic technology;centering;thoracic organs;orientation points;Th7; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo |
Strani: |
71 str., [3] str. pril. |
ID: |
13011163 |