Neverbalna komunikacija in odkrivanje laži

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Jaka Kovačič (Author), Tinkara Pavšič Mrevlje (Mentor)

Abstract

Komuniciranje je del našega vsakdana. Skoraj si ne moremo predstavljati dneva, v katerem ne bi spregovorili niti ene besede ali bili udeleženi v vsaj enem pogovoru, ne glede na to, kako dolg ali kratek je. Ne komuniciramo pa zgolj z našimi besedami, temveč tudi z našim telesom in obrazom. Temu delu komuniciranja, ki ni vezan na besede, rečemo neverbalna komunikacija. Poleg najbolj očitne razlike med besedno oz. verbalno komunikacijo in nebesedno oz. neverbalno komunikacijo je mogoče zaznati, da slednjo ljudje velikokrat podcenjujejo. A ko pomislimo, kako suhoparne bi bile naše interakcije, če neverbalne komunikacije ne bi bilo oz. če bi bila pri vseh ljudeh identična, se naše stališče o njeni pomembnosti hitro spremeni. Neverbalni del komuniciranja je namreč tisti, ki ustvari prvi vtis, še preden oseba spregovori. Opazimo njihov slog hoje, držo telesa, položaj rok, glave itn. Ko pride do same interakcije pa neverbalna komunikacija ne izgubi svoje vloge, temveč ta postane še bolj relevantna. Tako pri osebi opazimo, ali nas gleda v oči ali vstran, ali je s telesom obrnjena proti nam ali stran od nas, ali med govorom veliko gestikulira ali skoraj nič itd. Še bolj zanimiva pa neverbalna komunikacija postane, ko nam pošilja drugačne informacije kot njena verbalna ekvivalenta. Pri osebi npr. zaznamo živčnost, čeprav nam je odgovorila, da je mirna, ko smo jo o tem povprašali; zaznamo žalost, čeprav nam je zagotovila, da je vse dobro. Pomembno vlogo pa neverbalna komunikacija ne nosi zgolj v ocenjevanju čustvenega stanja oseb, temveč tudi v odkrivanju laži. V njej se skriva veliko znakov oz. pokazateljev, ki lahko indicirajo na zavajanje oz. laganje, vendar je prepoznava le-teh zahtevna in je daleč od transparentne, kar bomo v nadaljevanju spoznali. Odkrivanje laži je tematika, ki ni zanimiva zgolj za laično javnost, temveč tudi za strokovno, še posebej v nekaterih poklicih, kjer odkrivanje laži lahko predstavlja ključ do uspeha. Eden izmed takih poklicev je poklic policista. Policisti vedno skušajo priti do konca primera in se prebiti do resnice, čeprav je le-ta nemalokrat obdana s preobilico laži. Kako uspešni so pri odkrivanju resnice, predvsem na podlagi neverbalne komunikacije, in kako se v tem primerjajo z laično javnostjo, bomo preučevali v tem zaključnem delu.

Keywords

diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2022
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	[J. Kovačič]
UDC:	159.925+351.741(043.2)
COBISS:	125235459
Views:	10
Downloads:	2
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Nonverbal communication and lie detection
Secondary abstract:	Communication is a part of our daily lives. We almost cannot imagine a single day, when we would not at least say a word or two or take part in at least one conversation, no matter how long or short it is. However, communication does not only resolve around words, but also around our bodies and faces. This part of communication, which does not include words or speech, is called nonverbal communication. Besides the most obvious difference between verbal and nonvberbal communication, there is also the fact that people tend to underestimate the latter. However, when we imagine how dull and dreary our interactions would be without nonverbal communication or if it would be identical to everyone, we soon realise its importance. Nonverbal communication is the one that gives us our first impression about a person long before they speak. We notice their walk, posture, position of their arms and head, etc. When the actual interaction happens, nonverbal communication becomes even more relevant. We notice if the person is looking us in the eyes or not, if their body is turned towards or against us, if they gesticulate much during their speech or not at all, etc. Nonverbal communication becomes even more interesting when its signals differ from its verbal equivalent. For example, we can sense that the person is nervous even if they tell us beforehand that they are calm or we can sense sadness in them even if they assure us that everything is alright. Nonverbal communication is important not only in assessing the emotional state of a person, but also in detecting lies. It holds many signs that can potentially point to lying or deceit, but identifying those signs is no easy task, which we will discover later. Detecting lies is a subject that is not only interesting to laypeople but to experts as well, particularly in some professions where lie detection can play a very important role. One of such professions is undoubtedly police officer. The police always try to get to the end of their cases and uncover the truth, which is more often than not surrounded by many lies. How successful they are in discovering the truth, especially on the basis of non-verbal communication, and how they compare in this to the lay public, will be studied in this thesis.
Secondary keywords:	Detektorji laži in odkrivanje laži;Nebesedno sporazumevanje;Policija;Policijsko zasliševanje;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	IX f., 49 str., [5] str. pril.
ID:	16726401