Ivan Kreft (Author), Alena Vollmannová (Author), Judita Lidiková (Author), Janette Musilová (Author), Mateja Germ (Author), Aleksandra Golob (Author), Blanka Vombergar (Author), Darja Kocjan Ačko (Author), Zlata Luthar (Author)

Abstract

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) are adapted to growing in harsh conditions of high altitudes. Ultraviolet radiation at high altitudes strongly impacts plant growth and development. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, protecting substances are synthesized in plants. The synthesis of UV-B defense metabolites is genetically conditioned, and their quantity depends on the intensity of the ultraviolet radiation to which the plants and plant parts are exposed. These substances include flavonoids, and especially rutin. Other substances with aromatic rings of six carbon atoms have a similar function, including fagopyrin, the metabolite specific for buckwheat. Defensive substances are formed in the leaves and flowers of common and Tartary buckwheat, up to about the same concentration in both species. In comparison, the concentration of rutin in the grain of Tartary buckwheat is much higher than in common buckwheat. Flavonoids also have other functions in plants so that they can protect them from pests and diseases. After crushing the grains, rutin is exposed to contact with the molecules of rutin-degrading enzymes. In an environment with the necessary humidity, rutin is turned into bitter quercetin under the action of rutin-degrading enzymes. This bitterness has a deterrent effect against pests. Moreover, flavonoids have important functions in human nutrition to prevent several chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, gallstone formation, and hypertension.

Keywords

buckwheat;rutin;quercetin;flavonoid;secondary metabolites;UV radiation;altitude;climatic change;

Data

Language: English
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
UDC: 633
COBISS: 127390467 Link will open in a new window
ISSN: 1420-3049
Views: 12
Downloads: 3
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Other data

Secondary language: Slovenian
Secondary keywords: ajda;sekundarni metaboliti;rutin;kvercetin;flavonoidi;UV sevanje;klimatske spremembe;nadmorska višina;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: 11 str.
Volume: ǂVol. ǂ27
Issue: ǂiss. ǂ17, art. 5577
Chronology: 2022
ID: 16888979