diplomsko delo
Aleksander Sočič (Author), Hrvoje Petković (Mentor)

Abstract

Kvasovka Saccharomyces cerevisiae je zelo pomemben enocelični evkariontski organizem, ki se ga že od 80. let 20. stoletja naprej uporablja kot mikrobno šasijo za produkcijo bioloških učinkovin. Gre za robusten in genetsko dobro okarakteriziran organizem, ki je sposoben določenih posttranslacijskih modifikacij, kot so odstranitev signalnih sekvenc proteinov, glikozilacija proteinov, tvorba disulfidnih vezi in pravilno zvijanje proteinov. Ima pa tudi nekatere slabosti kot je hiperglikozilacija proteinov, kar vpliva na farmakokinetične lastnosti učinkovine. Prav tako izziv predstavlja omejena sekrecija kompleksnih proteinov in Crabtree učinek ter akumulacija etanola. Za vnos heterolognih genov v S. cerevisiae se uporablja različne vektorje, kot so centromerni plazmidi, episomalni plazmidi in integrativni vektorji. Za selekcijo nosijo plazmidi markerske sisteme, najpogostejši so avksotrofni markerji, avtoselekcijski sistem ali dominantni markerji. Za pogostost izražanje in stabilnost transkripta pa sta pomembni regulatorni zaporedji promotorja in terminatorja. Ena novejših metod za spreminjanje genoma pa je CRISPR/Cas tehnologija. Najbolj znani primeri bioloških učinkovin pridobljenih s S. cerevisiae so hormoni, kjer je najbolj znan primer inzulin, različna cepiva, krvni faktorji, kot je hirudin, citokini in encimi.

Keywords

mikrobna šasija;biološke učinkovine;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [A. Sočič]
UDC: 602.3:582.282.23:604.2:615.252(043.2)
COBISS: 158350595 Link will open in a new window
Views: 208
Downloads: 36
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as microbial chassis for production of biologically active products
Secondary abstract: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a very important unicellular eukaryotic organism that is used as a microbial chassis for the production of biologically active products since the 1980s. It is a robust and genetically well characterized organism that is capable of certain post – translational modifications, such as removal of signal sequence from protein, glycosylation of protein, disulfide bond formation and proper protein folding. However, it also have some disadvantages, such as hyperglycosylation of proteins, which affects the pharmacokinetic properties of biologically active product. Also a challange is the limited secretion of complex proteins and the Crabtree effect and accumulation of ethanol. Various vectors, such as centromeric plasmids, episomal plasmids and integrative vectors are used to indroduce heterologous genes into S. cerevisiae. Plasmids carry marker systems for selection. The most common are auxotrophic markers, autoselection system or dominant markers. Regulatory sequences of promoter and terminator are important for frequency of expression and the stability of the transcript. One of the latest methods for modifying the genome is CRISPR/Cas technology. The best-known examples of biologically active products obtained from S. cerevisiae are hormones, the best example is insulin, various vaccines, blood factors such as hirudin, cytokines and enzymes.
Secondary keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 20 str.))
ID: 19519192