Liposomi kot nosilci bioaktivnih učinkovin

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Neva Kovač (Author), Mateja Primožič (Mentor), Maja Leitgeb (Co-mentor), Nika Kučuk (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Liposomi, lipidni sferični delci v nano velikosti, se v zadnjih letih vse bolj pogosto uporabljajo v farmacevtski in živilski industriji, tudi na področju biomedicine. Njihova naloga je zavarovanje enkapsulirane učinkovine in sproščanje le-te na mestih, kjer je to zaželeno. V liposome je možno enkapsulirati različne biološko aktivne snovi, kot so npr. antibiotiki in ekstrakti. V diplomskem delu je prikazana sinteza liposomov z metodo hidracije tankega lipidnega filma s steklenimi kroglicami z enkapsuliranimi bioaktivnimi snovmi. Proučevali smo vpliv različnih organskih topil na sintezo liposomov z enkapsuliranim ciprofloksacinom. Uporabili smo tri polarna (metanol, etanol in izopropanol) in tri nepolarna topila (kloroform, dietil eter in diklorometan). Določevali smo učinkovitost enkapsulacije in sproščanje enkapsuliranega ciprofloksacina ter velikost, vrednosti indeksa polidisperznosti in stabilnost sintetiziranih liposomov s pomočjo zeta potenciala. Najvišji odstotek enkapsulacije, najmanjše in najbolj stabilne liposome smo dosegli z uporabo nepolarnega topila kloroforma. Ob težnji po uporabi čim bolj ˝zelenega˝ topila smo sintezo liposomov izvedli še z mešanico etanola in kloroforma v razmerju 1:1. V nadaljevanju študije smo v liposome enkapsulirali raztopino mangovega ekstrakta. Za sintezo smo izbrali eno polarno topilo (etanol) in eno nepolarno topilo (kloroform) ter njuno mešanico. Dosegli smo 53,73 % enkapsulacijo raztopine mangovega ekstrakta v liposome pripravljene z etanolom, kar je najvišji odstotek izmed vseh treh uporabljenih topil za pripravo liposomov. Največ enkapsuliranega mangovega ekstrakta se je sprostilo iz liposomov sintetiziranih z etanolom. Liposomi pripravljeni z etanolom so bili glede na liposome pripravljene z ostalimi topili najmanjši in najbolj homogene velikosti. Optimirali smo tudi koncentracijo dodane raztopine mangovega ekstrakta med postopkom sinteze liposomov z namenom doseči čim višji odstotek enkapsulacije ekstrakta. Izmed petih izbranih koncentracij mangovega ekstrakta (0,5 mg/mL, 1,0 mg/mL, 2,5 mg/mL, 3,0 mg/mL in 5,0 mg/mL), je bil najvišji odstotek enkapsulacije in najboljši trend sproščanja dosežen pri koncentraciji 2,5 mg/mL. Izmerjena vrednost zeta potenciala je pokazala, da so pripravljeni liposomi stabilni, določili pa smo tudi velikosti in vrednosti indeksa polidisperznosti za liposome z različnimi koncentracijami enkapsuliranega mangovega ekstrakta.

Keywords

liposomi;enkapsulacija;ciprofloksacin;olupki manga;karakterizacija;sproščanje;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2023
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Kovač]
UDC:	615.014.6:577.115(043.2)
COBISS:	170156291
Views:	132
Downloads:	17
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Liposomes as carriers of bioactive substances
Secondary abstract:	Liposomes, nano-sized lipid spherical particles, have been increasingly used in recent years in the pharmaceutical and food industries, including in the biomedical field. Their function is to secure the encapsulated active substance and release it at the desired sites. Various biologically active substances, such as antibiotics and extracts, can be encapsulated in liposomes. In this thesis, the synthesis of liposomes by the thin lipid film hydration method with glass beads with encapsulated bioactive substances is presented. The influence of different organic solvents on the synthesis of liposomes with encapsulated ciprofloxacin was investigated. Three polar (methanol, ethanol and isopropanol) and three non-polar solvents (chloroform, diethyl ether and dichloromethane) were used. The encapsulation efficiency and release of encapsulated ciprofloxacin were determined, as well as the size, polydispersity index values and stability of the synthesised liposomes by means of the zeta potential. The highest percentage of encapsulation, the smallest and the most stable liposomes were obtained using the non-polar solvent chloroform. In order to use the greenest possible solvent, the synthesis of liposomes was also carried out with a mixture of ethanol and chloroform in a 1:1 ratio. In the continuation of the study, a solution of mango extract was encapsulated in liposomes. One polar solvent (ethanol) and one non-polar solvent (chloroform) and their mixture were chosen for the synthesis. An encapsulation of 53,73 % of the mango extract solution in liposomes prepared with ethanol was obtained, which is the highest percentage among the three solvents used for the preparation of liposomes. The highest percentage of encapsulated mango extract was released from liposomes synthesised with ethanol. Liposomes prepared with ethanol were the smallest and most homogeneous in size compared to liposomes prepared with the other polar solvents. The concentration of the mango extract solution added during the liposome synthesis process was also optimised in order to maximise the percentage of encapsulation of the extract. Among the five selected concentrations of mango extract (0.5 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 3.0 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL), the highest percentage of encapsulation and the best release trend were obtained at 2.5 mg/mL. The measured zeta potential value indicated that the prepared liposomes were stable and the size and polydispersity index values were determined for liposomes with different concentrations of the encapsulated mango extract.
Secondary keywords:	liposomes;encapsulation;ciprofloxacin;mango peels;characterisation;release;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 49 f.))
ID:	19827301