diplomska naloga
Sebastian Sever (Author), Ljiljana Leskovic (Mentor)

Abstract

POVZETEK Teoretična izhodišča: V svetovnem merilu je visok krvni tlak za kajenjem in podhranjenostjo na tretjem mestu med dejavniki, ki škodujejo zdravju ter povzročajo obolenja in smrt. Visok krvni tlak najpogosteje ugotovimo v srednjem življenjskem obdobju, s starostjo pa pogostnost hipertenzije narašča. Diplomirana medicinska sestra igra v ambulantah družinske medicine pomembno vlogo pri presejanju ljudi zaradi ugotavljanja visokega krvnega tlaka. Namen diplomske naloge je bil preučiti potek vodenja starejšega pacienta z arterijsko hipertenzijo v referenčni ambulanti. Metoda: Raziskava je temeljila na kvantitativnem raziskovalnem pristopu in deskriptivni metodi dela. Primarni podatki za analizo so bili pridobljeni s tehniko anketiranja. V raziskavi je prostovoljno sodelovalo 81 anketirancev (36 moških in 45 žensk), starejših od 65 let. Za pridobivanje sekundarnih virov podatkov smo uporabili pregled domače in tuje literature ter bibliografskih baz podatkov (PubMed in Cobiss). Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da je kot dejavnik tveganja za visok krvni tlak večina anketirancev izpostavila stres, sledita starost in dednost (61). Ostali dejavniki vključujejo dodajanje soli v prehrano, uživanje mastne hrane, prekomerna telesna teža, pomanjkanje telesne dejavnosti, pitje alkoholnih pijač in spol. Pri spremljajočih boleznih, povezanih z visokim krvnim tlakom, anketiranci izpostavljajo kot najpogostejši srčni infarkt, možgansko kap, okvare ožilja, okvare ledvic, okvare vida. 34 oseb ni navedlo nobenih težav. Večina pacientov se na pregled v referenčno ambulanto naroči prek medicinske sestre (72 od 81), le 9 se jih je naročilo samostojno, pri čemer nihče ni prejel pisnega vabila. Glede kontrole krvnega tlaka se 21 oseb odloči za pregled vsake 3 mesece, 39 vsakih 6 mesecev, 8 vsakih 9 mesecev in 14 enkrat letno. Pacienti redno spremljajo krvni tlak, pri čemer 9 oseb to počne večkrat dnevno, 20 enkrat dnevno, 30 enkrat tedensko, 17 enkrat mesečno, medtem ko jih 5 sploh ne kontrolira. Anketiranci so podali različne odgovore glede kontrole visokega krvnega tlaka, in sicer vključujejo 130/80 (1), 150/95 (51) in 180/100 (35), pri čemer nobeden od njih ni obkrožil vrednosti 120/80 kot visokega krvnega tlaka. Glavni simptom ob povišanem tlaku je glavobol (76), sledi pospešen utrip srca (36), krvavitev iz nosu (15), bolečine v sklepih (7) ter prebavne težave (4). Ugotovili smo, da 58 anketirancev redno jemlje terapijo, medtem ko 15 to zanika. Anketiranci navajajo, da informacije o visokem krvnem tlaku pridobivajo od medicinske sestre. Večina je zadovoljna z delom medicinske sestre (40 zadovoljenih, 41 zelo zadovoljnih), in večina anketirancev ocenjuje medicinsko sestro kot pomembno ali zelo pomembno pri obravnavi starejšega pacienta z visokim krvnim tlakom. Razprava: Analiza dejavnikov tveganja in obravnava visokega krvnega tlaka v referenčni ambulanti osvetljuje kompleksnost problema visokega krvnega tlaka ter vpliv dejavnikov tveganja na njegov razvoj in vzorce v obravnavi pacientov v referenčni ambulanti. Metode presejanja nam omogočajo, da pravočasno prepoznamo starejše osebe z visokim krvnim tlakom in na ta način izboljšamo v takojšnje vključevanje oseb v zdravljenje. Medicinska sestra odigra v obravnavi starejšega pacienta pomembno vlogo in je nepogrešljiv član tima ambulante družinske medicine. Ključne besede: visok krvni tlak, starejši pacient, referenčna ambulanta, medicinska sestra.

Keywords

referenčne ambulante;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: VŠZ NM - School of health science Novo mesto
Publisher: [S. Sever]
UDC: 616.12-008.331.1(043.2)
COBISS: 195100419 Link will open in a new window
Views: 179
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: MANAGEMENT OF AN ELDERLY PATIENT WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN A REFERENCE CLINIC
Secondary abstract: ABSTRACT Theoretical background: Globally, high blood pressure is the third most important factor after smoking and malnutrition in harming health and causing disease and death. High blood pressure is most commonly diagnosed in mid-life, and the prevalence of hypertension increases with age. The registered nurse plays an important role in family medicine clinics in screening people for high blood pressure. The aim of the thesis was to study the management of an elderly patient with arterial hypertension in a referral clinic. Method. Primary data for analysis were obtained by survey technique. 81 respondents (36 males and 45 females) aged 65 years and over voluntarily participated in the study. A review of national and international literature and bibliographic databases (PubMed and Cobiss) was used to obtain secondary data sources. Results: We found that stress was the risk factor for high blood pressure in the majority of respondents, followed by age and heredity (61). Other factors include adding salt to the diet, eating fatty foods, being overweight, lack of physical activity, drinking alcoholic beverages and gender. In terms of comorbidities associated with high blood pressure, respondents reported the most common as heart attack, stroke, vascular malformations, kidney damage, visual impairment and 34 people have not reported any problems. The majority of patients booked an appointment at the reference clinic through a nurse (72 out of 81), only 9 booked independently, and none received a written invitation. Regarding blood pressure control, 21 people opt for a check-up every 3 months, 39 every 6 months, 8 every 9 months and 14 once a year. Patients monitor their blood pressure regularly, with 9 doing so several times a day, 20 once a day, 30 once a week, 17 once a month, while 5 do not check at all. The different answers regarding high blood pressure measurements include 130/80 (1), 150/95 (51) and 180/100 (35), none of them circling 120/80 as high blood pressure. The main symptom of high blood pressure is headache (76), followed by increased heart rate (36), nosebleeds (15), joint pain (7) and digestive problems (4). We found that 58 respondents take therapy regularly, while 15 deny taking it. Respondents state that they get information about high blood pressure from the nurse. Most are satisfied with the nurse's work (40 satisfied, 41 very satisfied), and most respondents rate the nurse as important or very important in the management of the elderly patient with high blood pressure. Discussion: Analysis of risk factors and management of high blood pressure in the referral clinic highlights the complexity of the problem of high blood pressure, the impact of risk factors on its development, and patterns in the its development, and patterns in the management of patients in the reference clinic. Screening methods allow us to identify elderly people with high blood pressure in a timely manner and thus improve the immediate integration of people into treatment. The nurse plays an important role in the management of the elderly patient and is an indispensable member of the Family Medicine Outpatient Department team. Keywords: high blood pressure, elderly patient, reference clinic, nurse.
Secondary keywords: Povišan krvni tlak;Zdravstvena nega;Medicinske sestre;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0000451
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Novem mestu, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Pages: [5] f., 40 str., [3] f. pril.
ID: 23636572